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# WebDriver Operations
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Core WebDriver implementation providing the primary interface for remote browser control, including navigation, element interaction, JavaScript execution, and session management.
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## Capabilities
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### RemoteWebDriver
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The main WebDriver implementation for controlling remote browser instances.
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```java { .api }
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/**
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 * Remote WebDriver implementation that communicates with browser instances via HTTP
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 */
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@Augmentable
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public class RemoteWebDriver implements WebDriver, HasCapabilities, TakesScreenshot, 
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    JavascriptExecutor, PrintsPage, Interactive, HasDownloads, HasVirtualAuthenticator, 
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    HasFederatedCredentialManagement {
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    // Constructors
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    public RemoteWebDriver();
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    public RemoteWebDriver(Capabilities capabilities);
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    public RemoteWebDriver(Capabilities capabilities, boolean enableTracing);
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    public RemoteWebDriver(URL remoteAddress, Capabilities capabilities);
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    public RemoteWebDriver(URL remoteAddress, Capabilities capabilities, boolean enableTracing);
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    public RemoteWebDriver(CommandExecutor executor, Capabilities capabilities);
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    // Navigation
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    public void get(String url);
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    public String getCurrentUrl();
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    public String getTitle();
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    public String getPageSource();
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    public void close();
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    public void quit();
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    // Window management
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    public Set<String> getWindowHandles();
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    public String getWindowHandle();
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    public TargetLocator switchTo();
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    public Navigation navigate();
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    public Options manage();
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    // Element operations
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    public WebElement findElement(By locator);
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    public List<WebElement> findElements(By locator);
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    // JavaScript execution
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    public Object executeScript(String script, Object... args);
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    public Object executeAsyncScript(String script, Object... args);
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    // Screenshots
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    public <X> X getScreenshotAs(OutputType<X> outputType) throws WebDriverException;
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    // PDF generation
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    public Pdf print(PrintOptions printOptions);
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    // Session information
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    public Capabilities getCapabilities();
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    public SessionId getSessionId();
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    public void setLogLevel(Level level);
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    // File handling
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    public FileDetector getFileDetector();
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    public void setFileDetector(FileDetector detector);
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    // Downloads management
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    public List<String> getDownloadableFiles();
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    public void downloadFile(String fileName, Path targetLocation) throws IOException;
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    public void deleteDownloadableFiles();
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    // Script management
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    public Script script();
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    // Network management
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    public Network network();
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    // Virtual Authenticator support
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    public VirtualAuthenticator addVirtualAuthenticator(VirtualAuthenticatorOptions options);
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    public void removeVirtualAuthenticator(VirtualAuthenticator authenticator);
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    // FedCM support
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    public FederatedCredentialManagementDialog getFederatedCredentialManagementDialog();
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    public void setDelayEnabled(boolean enabled);
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    public void resetCooldown();
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    // Builder pattern (Beta)
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    public static RemoteWebDriverBuilder builder();
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}
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```
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**Usage Examples:**
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```java
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import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;
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import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
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import org.openqa.selenium.By;
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import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
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import java.net.URL;
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// Basic setup
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DesiredCapabilities caps = new DesiredCapabilities();
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caps.setBrowserName("chrome");
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RemoteWebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(
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    new URL("http://localhost:4444/wd/hub"), caps);
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// Navigation
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driver.get("https://example.com");
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String title = driver.getTitle();
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String currentUrl = driver.getCurrentUrl();
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// Element interaction
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WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("submit-button"));
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element.click();
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// JavaScript execution
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Object result = driver.executeScript("return document.title;");
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Long count = (Long) driver.executeScript("return arguments[0].length;", "hello");
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// Window management
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String originalWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();
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Set<String> allWindows = driver.getWindowHandles();
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// Cleanup
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driver.quit();
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```
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### RemoteWebDriverBuilder
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Builder pattern for creating RemoteWebDriver instances with flexible configuration (Beta feature).
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```java { .api }
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/**
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 * Builder for creating RemoteWebDriver instances with flexible configuration
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 */
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public class RemoteWebDriverBuilder {
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    public RemoteWebDriverBuilder addAlternative(Capabilities capabilities);
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    public RemoteWebDriverBuilder addMetadata(String key, Object value);
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    public RemoteWebDriverBuilder setCapability(String key, Object value);
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    public RemoteWebDriverBuilder address(URI uri);
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    public RemoteWebDriverBuilder withDriverService(DriverService service);
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    public RemoteWebDriver build();
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}
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```
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**Usage Examples:**
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```java
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import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;
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import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
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import java.net.URI;
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// Using builder pattern
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RemoteWebDriver driver = RemoteWebDriver.builder()
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    .address(URI.create("http://localhost:4444/wd/hub"))
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    .addAlternative(new ChromeOptions())
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    .addMetadata("test-name", "my-test")
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    .setCapability("browserVersion", "latest")
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    .build();
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```
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### RemoteWebElement
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WebElement implementation for remote elements that provides all standard element interaction capabilities.
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```java { .api }
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/**
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 * WebElement implementation for elements controlled through remote WebDriver
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 */
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public class RemoteWebElement implements WebElement, TakesScreenshot, 
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    Locatable, WrapsDriver {
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    // Element actions
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    public void click();
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    public void submit();
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    public void sendKeys(CharSequence... keysToSend);
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    public void clear();
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    // Element properties
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    public String getTagName();
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    public String getDomProperty(String name);
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    public String getDomAttribute(String name);
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    public String getAttribute(String name);
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    public String getAriaRole();
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    public String getAccessibleName();
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    public String getText();
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    public String getCssValue(String propertyName);
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    // Element state
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    public boolean isSelected();
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    public boolean isEnabled();
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    public boolean isDisplayed();
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    // Element location and size
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    public Point getLocation();
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    public Dimension getSize();
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    public Rectangle getRect();
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    // Element search
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    public WebElement findElement(By locator);
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    public List<WebElement> findElements(By locator);
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    public SearchContext getShadowRoot();
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    // Screenshots (Beta)
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    public <X> X getScreenshotAs(OutputType<X> outputType) throws WebDriverException;
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    // Internal methods
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    public String getId();
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    public void setId(String id);
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    public void setParent(RemoteWebDriver parent);
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    public void setFileDetector(FileDetector detector);
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    public Map<String, Object> toJson();
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}
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```
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**Usage Examples:**
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```java
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import org.openqa.selenium.By;
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import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
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import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebElement;
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// Element interaction
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WebElement input = driver.findElement(By.name("username"));
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input.sendKeys("testuser");
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input.clear();
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// Element properties
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String tagName = input.getTagName();
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String value = input.getAttribute("value");
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String cssColor = input.getCssValue("color");
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boolean isEnabled = input.isEnabled();
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// Element location
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Point location = input.getLocation();
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Dimension size = input.getSize();
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Rectangle rect = input.getRect();
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// Nested element search
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WebElement form = driver.findElement(By.id("login-form"));
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WebElement submitButton = form.findElement(By.tagName("button"));
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// Shadow DOM access
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SearchContext shadowRoot = element.getShadowRoot();
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WebElement shadowElement = shadowRoot.findElement(By.cssSelector("input"));
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```
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### File Detection
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File detection system for handling file uploads in remote environments.
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```java { .api }
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/**
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 * Interface for detecting local files during remote operations
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public interface FileDetector {
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    File getLocalFile(CharSequence... keys);
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}
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/**
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 * File detector that identifies local files for upload
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 */
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public class LocalFileDetector implements FileDetector {
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    public LocalFileDetector();
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    public File getLocalFile(CharSequence... keys);
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}
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/**
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 * No-op file detector (default behavior)
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 */
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public class UselessFileDetector implements FileDetector {
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    public UselessFileDetector();
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    public File getLocalFile(CharSequence... keys);
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}
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```
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**Usage Examples:**
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```java
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import org.openqa.selenium.remote.LocalFileDetector;
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import org.openqa.selenium.By;
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import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
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// Enable file detection for uploads
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driver.setFileDetector(new LocalFileDetector());
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// Upload a file
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WebElement fileInput = driver.findElement(By.type("file"));
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fileInput.sendKeys("/path/to/local/file.txt");
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```
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### Script Management
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Script management functionality for pinning and executing JavaScript code efficiently.
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```java { .api }
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/**
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 * Interface for managing pinned scripts
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 */
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public interface Script {
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    ScriptKey pin(String script);
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    void unpin(ScriptKey key);
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    Set<ScriptKey> getPinnedScripts();
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    Object executeScript(ScriptKey key, Object... args);
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}
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```
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**Usage Examples:**
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```java
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// Pin a frequently used script
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Script scriptManager = driver.script();
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ScriptKey key = scriptManager.pin("return document.readyState;");
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// Execute pinned script multiple times efficiently
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Object state1 = scriptManager.executeScript(key);
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Object state2 = scriptManager.executeScript(key);
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// Clean up
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scriptManager.unpin(key);
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```
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### Network Management
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Network-level operations including authentication handlers.
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```java { .api }
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/**
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 * Interface for network-related operations
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public interface Network {
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    void addAuthenticationHandler(Predicate<URI> when, Supplier<Credentials> authentication);
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    void clearAuthenticationHandlers();
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}
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```