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# Borders and Styling
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Groovy Swing provides factory methods for creating all major Swing border types, enabling declarative visual styling of components.
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## Basic Border Types
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Standard Swing borders for component styling.
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```groovy { .api }
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// Line borders
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def lineBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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// Bevel borders  
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def raisedBevelBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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def loweredBevelBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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// Etched borders
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def etchedBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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def raisedEtchedBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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def loweredEtchedBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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// Titled borders
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def titledBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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// Empty borders (spacing)
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def emptyBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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// Matte borders
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def matteBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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// Compound borders
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def compoundBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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```
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## Line Borders
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Simple line borders with customizable color and thickness.
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```groovy { .api }
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def lineBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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// LineBorder attributes:
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// color: Color - border color (default: Color.BLACK)
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// thickness: int - border thickness in pixels (default: 1)
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// roundedCorners: boolean - whether corners are rounded (default: false)
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```
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### Line Border Examples
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```groovy
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// Basic line border
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swing.panel(border: lineBorder()) {
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    label(text: 'Basic line border')
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}
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// Colored line border
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swing.panel(border: lineBorder(color: Color.RED, thickness: 2)) {
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    label(text: 'Red line border')
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}
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// Rounded line border
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swing.panel(border: lineBorder(color: Color.BLUE, thickness: 3, roundedCorners: true)) {
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    label(text: 'Rounded blue border')
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}
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```
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## Bevel Borders
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3D bevel effect borders for raised or lowered appearance.
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```groovy { .api }
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def raisedBevelBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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def loweredBevelBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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// BevelBorder attributes:
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// highlightOuter: Color - outer highlight color
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// highlightInner: Color - inner highlight color
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// shadowOuter: Color - outer shadow color
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// shadowInner: Color - inner shadow color
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```
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### Bevel Border Examples
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```groovy
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// Standard raised bevel
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swing.panel(border: raisedBevelBorder()) {
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    label(text: 'Raised appearance')
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}
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// Standard lowered bevel
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swing.panel(border: loweredBevelBorder()) {
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    label(text: 'Lowered appearance')
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}
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// Custom colored bevel
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swing.panel(border: raisedBevelBorder(
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    highlightOuter: Color.WHITE,
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    highlightInner: Color.LIGHT_GRAY,
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    shadowOuter: Color.DARK_GRAY,
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    shadowInner: Color.BLACK
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)) {
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    label(text: 'Custom bevel colors')
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}
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```
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## Etched Borders
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Etched effect borders for subtle 3D appearance.
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```groovy { .api }
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def etchedBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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def raisedEtchedBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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def loweredEtchedBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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// EtchedBorder attributes:
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// etchType: int - RAISED or LOWERED (default: LOWERED)
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// highlight: Color - highlight color
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// shadow: Color - shadow color
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```
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### Etched Border Examples
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```groovy
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// Default etched border (lowered)
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swing.panel(border: etchedBorder()) {
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    label(text: 'Default etched')
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}
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// Raised etched border
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swing.panel(border: raisedEtchedBorder()) {
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    label(text: 'Raised etched')
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}
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// Custom etched colors
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swing.panel(border: etchedBorder(
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    highlight: Color.YELLOW,
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    shadow: Color.ORANGE
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)) {
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    label(text: 'Custom etched colors')
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}
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```
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## Titled Borders
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Borders with text titles for grouping and labeling.
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```groovy { .api }
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def titledBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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// TitledBorder attributes:
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// title: String - border title text
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// border: Border - underlying border (optional)
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// position: int - title position (TOP, BOTTOM, etc.)
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// justification: int - title justification (LEFT, CENTER, RIGHT)
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// font: Font - title font
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// color: Color - title color
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```
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### Titled Border Examples
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```groovy
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// Basic titled border
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swing.panel(border: titledBorder(title: 'Settings')) {
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    checkBox(text: 'Enable feature')
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    checkBox(text: 'Auto-save')
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}
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// Titled border with custom positioning
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swing.panel(border: titledBorder(
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    title: 'Advanced Options',
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    position: TitledBorder.BOTTOM,
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    justification: TitledBorder.RIGHT
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)) {
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    slider(minimum: 0, maximum: 100)
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}
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// Titled border with custom styling
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swing.panel(border: titledBorder(
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    title: 'User Information',
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    font: new Font('Arial', Font.BOLD, 14),
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    color: Color.BLUE,
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    border: lineBorder(color: Color.GRAY)
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)) {
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    textField(columns: 20)
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    textField(columns: 20)
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}
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// Nested titled borders
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swing.panel(border: titledBorder(title: 'Outer Group')) {
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    panel(border: titledBorder(title: 'Inner Group')) {
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        button(text: 'Action')
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    }
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}
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```
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## Empty Borders
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Invisible borders that provide spacing around components.
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```groovy { .api }
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def emptyBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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// EmptyBorder attributes:
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// top: int - top margin in pixels
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// left: int - left margin in pixels  
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// bottom: int - bottom margin in pixels
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// right: int - right margin in pixels
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// insets: Insets - margin insets object
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```
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### Empty Border Examples
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```groovy
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// Uniform spacing
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swing.panel(border: emptyBorder(top: 10, left: 10, bottom: 10, right: 10)) {
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    label(text: '10px padding on all sides')
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}
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// Different spacing per side
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swing.panel(border: emptyBorder(top: 5, left: 15, bottom: 5, right: 15)) {
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    label(text: 'Horizontal padding larger than vertical')
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}
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// Using Insets object
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swing.panel(border: emptyBorder(insets: new Insets(20, 20, 20, 20))) {
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    label(text: '20px padding via Insets')
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}
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```
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## Matte Borders
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Solid color borders with customizable thickness per side.
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```groovy { .api }
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def matteBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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// MatteBorder attributes:
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// top: int - top border thickness
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// left: int - left border thickness
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// bottom: int - bottom border thickness  
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// right: int - right border thickness
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// color: Color - border color
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// icon: Icon - border icon (for textured borders)
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```
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### Matte Border Examples
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```groovy
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// Uniform matte border
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swing.panel(border: matteBorder(
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    top: 2, left: 2, bottom: 2, right: 2,
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    color: Color.GREEN
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)) {
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    label(text: 'Green matte border')
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}
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// Asymmetric matte border
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swing.panel(border: matteBorder(
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    top: 1, left: 5, bottom: 1, right: 5,
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    color: Color.RED
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)) {
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    label(text: 'Thick left/right borders')
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}
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// Textured matte border with icon
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swing.panel(border: matteBorder(
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    top: 10, left: 10, bottom: 10, right: 10,
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    icon: imageIcon('/textures/wood.png')
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)) {
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    label(text: 'Textured border')
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}
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```
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## Compound Borders
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Composite borders that combine multiple border types.
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```groovy { .api }
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def compoundBorder(Map attributes = [:])
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// CompoundBorder attributes:
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// outside: Border - outer border
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// inside: Border - inner border
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```
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### Compound Border Examples
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```groovy
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// Line border with padding
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swing.panel(border: compoundBorder(
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    outside: lineBorder(color: Color.BLACK),
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    inside: emptyBorder(top: 10, left: 10, bottom: 10, right: 10)
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)) {
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    label(text: 'Line border with padding')
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}
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// Titled border with bevel effect
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swing.panel(border: compoundBorder(
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    outside: titledBorder(title: 'Panel Title'),
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    inside: loweredBevelBorder()
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)) {
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    textArea(rows: 5, columns: 30)
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}
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// Complex multi-layer border
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swing.panel(border: compoundBorder(
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    outside: compoundBorder(
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        outside: lineBorder(color: Color.DARK_GRAY, thickness: 2),
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        inside: emptyBorder(top: 5, left: 5, bottom: 5, right: 5)
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    ),
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    inside: compoundBorder(
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        outside: raisedBevelBorder(),
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        inside: emptyBorder(top: 10, left: 10, bottom: 10, right: 10)
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    )
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)) {
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    label(text: 'Multi-layer border effect')
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}
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```
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## Border Usage Patterns
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### Form Sections
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```groovy
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swing.frame(title: 'Form with Borders') {
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    vbox {
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        // Personal information section
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        panel(border: titledBorder(title: 'Personal Information')) {
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            gridBagLayout()
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            label(text: 'Name:', constraints: gbc(gridx: 0, gridy: 0))
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            textField(constraints: gbc(gridx: 1, gridy: 0, fill: GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL))
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            label(text: 'Email:', constraints: gbc(gridx: 0, gridy: 1))
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            textField(constraints: gbc(gridx: 1, gridy: 1, fill: GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL))
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        }
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        vstrut(height: 10)
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        // Preferences section  
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        panel(border: titledBorder(title: 'Preferences')) {
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            vbox {
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                checkBox(text: 'Enable notifications')
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                checkBox(text: 'Auto-save documents')
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                checkBox(text: 'Show advanced options')
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            }
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        }
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        vstrut(height: 10)
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        // Action buttons with border
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        panel(border: compoundBorder(
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            outside: etchedBorder(),
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            inside: emptyBorder(top: 10, left: 10, bottom: 10, right: 10)
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        )) {
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            hbox {
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                hglue()
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                button(text: 'Cancel')
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                hstrut(width: 10)
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                button(text: 'Save')
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            }
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        }
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    }
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}
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```
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### Status Panels
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```groovy
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// Status indicators with colored borders
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swing.panel {
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    hbox {
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        // Success status
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        panel(border: compoundBorder(
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            outside: lineBorder(color: Color.GREEN, thickness: 2),
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            inside: emptyBorder(top: 5, left: 10, bottom: 5, right: 10)
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        )) {
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            label(text: 'Connected', foreground: Color.GREEN)
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        }
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        hstrut(width: 10)
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        // Warning status
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        panel(border: compoundBorder(
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            outside: lineBorder(color: Color.ORANGE, thickness: 2),
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            inside: emptyBorder(top: 5, left: 10, bottom: 5, right: 10)
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        )) {
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            label(text: 'Warning', foreground: Color.ORANGE)
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        }
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        hstrut(width: 10)
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        // Error status
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        panel(border: compoundBorder(
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            outside: lineBorder(color: Color.RED, thickness: 2),
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            inside: emptyBorder(top: 5, left: 10, bottom: 5, right: 10)
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        )) {
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            label(text: 'Disconnected', foreground: Color.RED)
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        }
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    }
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}
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```
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### Dynamic Border Changes
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```groovy
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def panel = swing.panel(border: lineBorder()) {
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    label(text: 'Dynamic border example')
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}
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// Change border based on state
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def updateBorderForState = { state ->
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    switch(state) {
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        case 'normal':
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            panel.border = swing.lineBorder()
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            break
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        case 'selected':
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            panel.border = swing.compoundBorder(
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                outside: swing.lineBorder(color: Color.BLUE, thickness: 2),
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                inside: swing.emptyBorder(top: 2, left: 2, bottom: 2, right: 2)
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            )
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            break
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        case 'error':
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            panel.border = swing.lineBorder(color: Color.RED, thickness: 2)
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            break
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    }
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    panel.repaint()
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}
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```