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Angular2 Text Mask

Angular2 Text Mask is an Angular 2 directive for input text masking that enables developers to create formatted input fields with customizable mask patterns for phone numbers, dates, currency, and other structured data types. It provides a declarative API through the textMask directive with automatic formatting as users type, seamless two-way data binding with ngModel, and support for reactive forms.

Package Information

Package Name: angular2-text-mask
Package Type: npm
Language: TypeScript
Installation: npm install angular2-text-mask

Core Imports

import { TextMaskModule } from "angular2-text-mask";

For component and directive imports:

import { 
  TextMaskModule, 
  MaskedInputDirective, 
  TextMaskConfig,
  MASKEDINPUT_VALUE_ACCESSOR
} from "angular2-text-mask";

For core masking functions:

import { conformToMask } from "angular2-text-mask";

For Angular dependencies used by the directive:

import { 
  Directive, 
  ElementRef, 
  Renderer2, 
  Inject, 
  Optional 
} from '@angular/core';
import { 
  ControlValueAccessor, 
  COMPOSITION_BUFFER_MODE 
} from '@angular/forms';

Basic Usage

import { NgModule, Component } from '@angular/core';
import { FormsModule } from '@angular/forms';
import { TextMaskModule } from 'angular2-text-mask';

@NgModule({
  imports: [
    FormsModule,
    TextMaskModule
  ],
  declarations: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule {}

@Component({
  selector: 'app',
  template: `
    <input 
      [textMask]="{mask: phoneMask}" 
      [(ngModel)]="phoneNumber" 
      type="text"
      placeholder="(___) ___-____"
    />
  `
})
export class AppComponent {
  public phoneNumber = '';
  public phoneMask = ['(', /[1-9]/, /\d/, /\d/, ')', ' ', /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, '-', /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, /\d/];
}

Architecture

Angular2 Text Mask is built around several key components:

TextMaskModule: Angular module that provides the text masking functionality
MaskedInputDirective: The core directive that applies masking to input elements
TextMaskConfig: Configuration interface for mask patterns and behavior
Text Mask Core Integration: Leverages text-mask-core for the underlying masking engine
Form Integration: Seamless integration with Angular's reactive forms and template-driven forms

Capabilities

Angular Module

The main Angular module that provides text masking functionality.

class TextMaskModule {
  static forRoot?(): ModuleWithProviders;
}

Text Mask Directive

The core directive that applies text masking to input elements. It handles input events, composition events (for IME support), and provides form integration through ControlValueAccessor.

@Directive({
  selector: '[textMask]',
  exportAs: 'textMask',
  providers: [MASKEDINPUT_VALUE_ACCESSOR],
  host: {
    '(input)': '_handleInput($event.target.value)',
    '(blur)': 'onTouched()',
    '(compositionstart)': '_compositionStart()',
    '(compositionend)': '_compositionEnd($event.target.value)'
  }
})
class MaskedInputDirective implements ControlValueAccessor, OnChanges {
  @Input('textMask') textMaskConfig: TextMaskConfig;
  
  // ControlValueAccessor implementation
  writeValue(value: any): void;
  registerOnChange(fn: (_: any) => void): void;
  registerOnTouched(fn: () => void): void;
  setDisabledState(isDisabled: boolean): void;
  
  // OnChanges implementation
  ngOnChanges(changes: SimpleChanges): void;
  
  // Constructor with dependency injection
  constructor(
    private _renderer: Renderer2,
    private _elementRef: ElementRef,
    @Optional() @Inject(COMPOSITION_BUFFER_MODE) private _compositionMode: boolean
  );
}

Text Mask Configuration

Configuration interface for defining mask patterns and behavior. Default values are applied by the directive when properties are not specified.

interface TextMaskConfig {
  /** The mask pattern as an array of strings and RegExp, or a function that returns a mask, or false to disable (default: []) */
  mask: Array<string | RegExp> | ((raw: string) => Array<string | RegExp>) | false;
  
  /** Whether to show guide characters in the input field (default: true) */
  guide?: boolean;
  
  /** Character to use for placeholder positions (default: '_') */
  placeholderChar?: string;
  
  /** Transform function to modify the conformed value before displaying (default: undefined) */
  pipe?: (conformedValue: string, config: TextMaskConfig) => false | string | object;
  
  /** Whether to keep character positions during editing (default: false) */
  keepCharPositions?: boolean;
  
  /** Whether to show the mask when the input is empty (default: false) */
  showMask?: boolean;
}

Core Masking Function

Re-exported core function for applying masks to strings. This function is from text-mask-core and provides the underlying masking algorithm.

/**
 * Conforms a string to a given mask pattern
 * @param rawValue - The raw input string to conform (default: '')
 * @param mask - The mask pattern to apply (default: [])
 * @param config - Optional configuration for the masking behavior (default: {})
 * @returns Object containing the conformed value and metadata
 */
function conformToMask(
  rawValue?: string,
  mask?: Array<string | RegExp> | ((rawValue: string, config: any) => Array<string | RegExp>),
  config?: {
    guide?: boolean;
    previousConformedValue?: string;
    placeholderChar?: string;
    placeholder?: string;
    currentCaretPosition?: number;
    keepCharPositions?: boolean;
  }
): {
  conformedValue: string;
  meta: {
    someCharsRejected: boolean;
  };
};

Value Accessor Provider

Provider constant for integrating with Angular's forms system.

const MASKEDINPUT_VALUE_ACCESSOR: Provider;

Usage Examples

Phone Number Masking

@Component({
  template: `
    <input 
      [textMask]="{mask: phoneMask, guide: true}" 
      [(ngModel)]="phoneNumber" 
      type="text"
    />
  `
})
export class PhoneComponent {
  phoneNumber = '';
  phoneMask = ['(', /[1-9]/, /\d/, /\d/, ')', ' ', /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, '-', /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, /\d/];
}

Date Masking

@Component({
  template: `
    <input 
      [textMask]="{mask: dateMask, placeholderChar: 'X'}" 
      [(ngModel)]="dateValue" 
      type="text"
    />
  `
})
export class DateComponent {
  dateValue = '';
  dateMask = [/\d/, /\d/, '/', /\d/, /\d/, '/', /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, /\d/];
}

Reactive Forms Integration

import { FormControl } from '@angular/forms';

@Component({
  template: `
    <input 
      [textMask]="{mask: currencyMask}" 
      [formControl]="amountControl" 
      type="text"
    />
  `
})
export class CurrencyComponent {
  amountControl = new FormControl('');
  currencyMask = ['$', ' ', /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, '.', /\d/, /\d/];
}

Dynamic Mask Function

@Component({
  template: `
    <input 
      [textMask]="{mask: dynamicMask}" 
      [(ngModel)]="cardNumber" 
      type="text"
    />
  `
})
export class CardComponent {
  cardNumber = '';
  
  dynamicMask = (rawValue: string) => {
    // Visa/Mastercard: 4 groups of 4
    if (rawValue.startsWith('4') || rawValue.startsWith('5')) {
      return [/\d/, /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, ' ', /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, ' ', /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, ' ', /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, /\d/];
    }
    // Amex: 4-6-5 pattern
    if (rawValue.startsWith('3')) {
      return [/\d/, /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, ' ', /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, ' ', /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, /\d/];
    }
    // Default pattern
    return [/\d/, /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, ' ', /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, ' ', /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, ' ', /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, /\d/];
  };
}

Material Design Integration

// Works with Angular Material and other component libraries
@Component({
  template: `
    <mat-form-field>
      <input 
        matInput 
        [textMask]="{mask: mask}" 
        [(ngModel)]="value" 
        placeholder="Enter value"
      />
    </mat-form-field>
  `
})
export class MaterialComponent {
  value = '';
  mask = [/\d/, /\d/, /\d/, '-', /\d/, /\d/, '-', /\d/, /\d/, /\d/, /\d/];
}

Behavior and Platform Considerations

The directive includes important behavioral characteristics:

Input Event Handling

Host event binding: Automatically handles (input), (blur), (compositionstart), and (compositionend) events
Invalid characters: Automatically rejected based on mask pattern
Paste operations: Long text is conformed to the mask pattern
Backspace/Delete: Maintains proper cursor positioning

Composition Mode (IME Support)

The directive automatically detects the platform and adjusts composition handling:

Android devices: Composition mode is disabled by default to avoid double input issues
Other platforms (iOS, desktop): Composition mode is enabled for proper IME support
Manual override: Can be controlled via COMPOSITION_BUFFER_MODE injection token

Form Integration

ControlValueAccessor: Full integration with Angular's forms system
Reactive forms: Works with FormControl, FormGroup, etc.
Template-driven forms: Works with ngModel and two-way data binding
Provider configuration: Automatically registers as NG_VALUE_ACCESSOR

Error Handling

Form validation: Integrates with Angular's validation system
Element detection: Works with direct input elements or nested inputs (e.g., Material Design components)

Important Notes:

The change event is not supported when textMask is present. Use (ngModelChange) for template-driven forms or reactive form controls for change detection.
The directive can be applied to wrapper elements that contain an input, not just direct input elements.