Schema Parsing and Types

/**
 * Parse a schema and return the corresponding type or protocol
 * @param {Object|String} schema - Schema definition, JSON string, or file path
 * @param {Object} opts - Optional parsing options
 * @returns {Type|Protocol} Type instance or Protocol instance
 */
function parse(schema, opts);

const avro = require('avro-js');

// Parse from object
const type = avro.parse({
  type: 'record',
  name: 'User',
  fields: [
    { name: 'id', type: 'int' },
    { name: 'name', type: 'string' }
  ]
});

// Parse from JSON string
const jsonSchema = '{"type": "string"}';
const stringType = avro.parse(jsonSchema);

// Parse with options
const typeWithNamespace = avro.parse(schema, {
  namespace: 'com.example',
  registry: {}
});

/**
 * Abstract base class for all Avro types
 */
class Type {
 /**
  * Create resolver for schema evolution
  * @param {Type} type - Target type for resolution
  * @param {Object} opts - Resolution options
  * @returns {Object} Resolver object
  */
 createResolver(type, opts);

 /**
  * Encode value to buffer at position
  * @param {*} val - Value to encode
  * @param {Buffer} buf - Target buffer
  * @param {Number} pos - Position in buffer
  * @returns {Number} New position after encoding
  */
 encode(val, buf, pos);

 /**
  * Decode value from buffer at position
  * @param {Buffer} buf - Source buffer
  * @param {Number} pos - Position in buffer
  * @param {Object} resolver - Optional resolver
  * @returns {*} Decoded value
  */
 decode(buf, pos, resolver);

 /**
  * Serialize value to buffer
  * @param {*} val - Value to serialize
  * @returns {Buffer} Serialized data
  */
 toBuffer(val);

 /**
  * Deserialize from buffer
  * @param {Buffer} buf - Buffer to deserialize
  * @param {Object} resolver - Optional resolver for schema evolution
  * @param {Boolean} noCheck - Skip validation
  * @returns {*} Deserialized value
  */
 fromBuffer(buf, resolver, noCheck);

 /**
  * Parse from JSON string
  * @param {String} str - JSON string to parse
  * @returns {*} Parsed value
  */
 fromString(str);

 /**
  * Convert to JSON string
  * @param {*} val - Value to convert
  * @returns {String} JSON representation
  */
 toString(val);

 /**
  * Deep clone value
  * @param {*} val - Value to clone
  * @param {Object} opts - Clone options
  * @returns {*} Cloned value
  */
 clone(val, opts);

 /**
  * Validate value against schema
  * @param {*} val - Value to validate
  * @param {Object} opts - Validation options
  * @returns {Boolean} True if valid
  */
 isValid(val, opts);

 /**
  * Compare two encoded values
  * @param {Buffer} buf1 - First buffer
  * @param {Buffer} buf2 - Second buffer
  * @returns {Number} Comparison result (-1, 0, 1)
  */
 compareBuffers(buf1, buf2);

 /**
  * Get type name
  * @param {Boolean} noRef - Don't use references
  * @returns {String} Type name
  */
 getName(noRef);

 /**
  * Get schema representation
  * @param {Boolean} noDeref - Don't dereference
  * @returns {Object} Schema object
  */
 getSchema(noDeref);

 /**
  * Get schema fingerprint
  * @param {String} algorithm - Hash algorithm (default: MD5)
  * @returns {Buffer} Fingerprint hash
  */
 getFingerprint(algorithm);

 /**
  * Compare two values
  * @param {*} val1 - First value
  * @param {*} val2 - Second value
  * @returns {Number} Comparison result (-1, 0, 1)
  */
 compare(val1, val2);

 /**
  * Generate random valid value
  * @returns {*} Random value matching schema
  */
 random();
}

/**
 * Avro null type - represents null values
 */
class NullType extends Type {}

/**
 * Avro boolean type - represents true/false values
 */
class BooleanType extends Type {}

/**
 * Avro int type - 32-bit signed integer
 */
class IntType extends Type {}

/**
 * Avro long type - 64-bit signed integer
 */
class LongType extends Type {
 /**
  * Create custom long type implementation
  * @param {Object} methods - Required methods object
  * @param {Boolean} noUnpack - Skip unpacking optimization
  * @returns {LongType} Custom long type
  */
 static using(methods, noUnpack);
}

/**
 * Avro float type - 32-bit IEEE 754 floating point
 */
class FloatType extends Type {}

/**
 * Avro double type - 64-bit IEEE 754 floating point
 */
class DoubleType extends Type {}

/**
 * Avro string type - UTF-8 encoded strings
 */
class StringType extends Type {}

/**
 * Avro bytes type - arbitrary byte sequences (Node.js Buffer)
 */
class BytesType extends Type {}

/**
 * Avro array type - ordered collection of items
 */
class ArrayType extends Type {
 /**
  * Get array item type
  * @returns {Type} Item type
  */
 getItemsType();
}

/**
 * Avro map type - key-value pairs with string keys
 */
class MapType extends Type {
 /**
  * Get map value type
  * @returns {Type} Value type
  */
 getValuesType();
}

/**
 * Avro union type - choice between multiple types
 */
class UnionType extends Type {
 /**
  * Get array of union member types
  * @returns {Type[]} Array of member types
  */
 getTypes();
}

/**
 * Avro enum type - named set of symbols
 */
class EnumType extends Type {
 /**
  * Get array of enum symbols
  * @returns {String[]} Array of symbols
  */
 getSymbols();

 /**
  * Get array of aliases
  * @returns {String[]} Array of aliases
  */
 getAliases();
}

/**
 * Avro fixed type - fixed-length byte sequence
 */
class FixedType extends Type {
 /**
  * Get fixed size in bytes
  * @returns {Number} Size in bytes
  */
 getSize();

 /**
  * Get array of aliases
  * @returns {String[]} Array of aliases
  */
 getAliases();
}

/**
 * Avro record type - structured data with named fields
 */
class RecordType extends Type {
 /**
  * Get array of Field instances
  * @returns {Field[]} Array of fields
  */
 getFields();

 /**
  * Get constructor function for record instances
  * @returns {Function} Constructor function
  */
 getRecordConstructor();

 /**
  * Get array of aliases
  * @returns {String[]} Array of aliases
  */
 getAliases();
}

/**
 * Abstract base class for logical types
 */
class LogicalType extends Type {
 /**
  * Constructor for logical types
  * @param {Object} attrs - Type attributes
  * @param {Object} opts - Options
  * @param {Function[]} Types - Type constructors
  */
 constructor(attrs, opts, Types);

 /**
  * Get underlying Avro type
  * @returns {Type} Underlying type
  */
 getUnderlyingType();

 /**
  * Convert from underlying type (abstract method)
  * @param {*} val - Value from underlying type
  * @returns {*} Converted value
  */
 _fromValue(val);

 /**
  * Convert to underlying type (abstract method)
  * @param {*} val - Value to convert
  * @returns {*} Value for underlying type
  */
 _toValue(val);

 /**
  * Schema resolution logic (abstract method)
  * @param {Type} type - Target type
  * @param {Object} opts - Resolution options
  * @returns {Object} Resolution result
  */
 _resolve(type, opts);
}

/**
 * Represents a record field
 */
class Field {
 /**
  * Constructor for record fields
  * @param {Object} attrs - Field attributes
  * @param {Object} opts - Options
  */
 constructor(attrs, opts);

 /**
  * Get field name
  * @returns {String} Field name
  */
 getName();

 /**
  * Get field type
  * @returns {Type} Field type
  */
 getType();

 /**
  * Get default value
  * @returns {*} Default value or undefined
  */
 getDefault();

 /**
  * Get field aliases
  * @returns {String[]} Array of aliases
  */
 getAliases();

 /**
  * Get sort order
  * @returns {String} Sort order ('ascending', 'descending', 'ignore')
  */
 getOrder();
}

const types = {
 Type,
 NullType,
 BooleanType,
 IntType,
 LongType,
 FloatType,
 DoubleType,
 StringType,
 BytesType,
 ArrayType,
 MapType,
 UnionType,
 EnumType,
 FixedType,
 RecordType,
 LogicalType,
 Field
};

const avro = require('avro-js');
const { LongType } = avro.types;

// Create custom long type
const customLong = LongType.using({
  toBuffer: (val) => Buffer.from(val.toString()),
  fromBuffer: (buf) => parseInt(buf.toString()),
  // ... other methods
});

interface ParseOptions {
  /** Parent namespace for type resolution */
  namespace?: string;
  /** Registry of predefined types */
  registry?: Object;
  /** Dictionary of LogicalType classes */
  logicalTypes?: Object;
  /** Throw error on invalid logical types */
  assertLogicalTypes?: boolean;
  /** Custom type creation hook */
  typeHook?: (attrs: Object, opts: ParseOptions) => Type;
}

interface ValidationOptions {
  /** Error handling mode */
  errorHook?: Function;
  /** Skip type checking */
  noTypeCheck?: boolean;
}

interface LongMethods {
  /** Convert long to buffer */
  toBuffer: (val: any) => Buffer;
  /** Convert buffer to long */
  fromBuffer: (buf: Buffer) => any;
  /** Convert JSON to long */
  fromJSON: (obj: any) => any;
  /** Convert long to JSON */
  toJSON: (val: any) => any;
  /** Validate long value */
  isValid: (val: any) => boolean;
  /** Compare two long values */
  compare: (val1: any, val2: any) => number;
}