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arithmetic.md components.md constants.md formatting.md fp.md i18n.md index.md parsing.md periods.md validation.md

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Date Parsing

Date parsing functions provide flexible conversion from strings to Date objects with support for various formats, ISO standards, and custom patterns. All parsing functions include proper error handling and validation.

Core Parsing

parse

Parse a date from a string using a format pattern.

function parse(
  dateString: string,
  formatString: string,
  referenceDate: DateArg<Date>,
  options?: ParseOptions
): Date;

Parameters:

dateString - The string to parse
formatString - The format pattern to match
referenceDate - Reference date for relative parsing
options - Optional parsing configuration

Format Tokens:

yyyy - 4-digit year
MM - 2-digit month (01-12)
dd - 2-digit day (01-31)
HH - 24-hour format hour (00-23)
mm - 2-digit minute (00-59)
ss - 2-digit second (00-59)
SSS - Milliseconds (000-999)

Examples:

import { parse } from "date-fns";

// Basic date parsing
parse('2014-02-11', 'yyyy-MM-dd', new Date());
//=> Tue Feb 11 2014 00:00:00

// Date and time
parse('2014-02-11 14:30:45', 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss', new Date());
//=> Tue Feb 11 2014 14:30:45

// Custom format
parse('11.02.2014', 'dd.MM.yyyy', new Date());
//=> Tue Feb 11 2014 00:00:00

// With milliseconds
parse('2014-02-11T14:30:45.123', 'yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss.SSS', new Date());
//=> Tue Feb 11 2014 14:30:45.123

parseISO

Parse an ISO 8601 date string.

function parseISO<ResultDate extends Date = Date>(
  argument: string,
  options?: ParseISOOptions<ResultDate>
): ResultDate;

Parameters:

argument - The ISO 8601 string to parse
options - Optional parsing configuration with additional digits support

Supported Formats:

YYYY-MM-DD - Calendar date
YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss - Complete date and time
YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss.sss - With milliseconds
YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ssZ - UTC time
YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss+HH:mm - With timezone offset

Examples:

import { parseISO } from "date-fns";

// Date only
parseISO('2014-02-11');
//=> Tue Feb 11 2014 00:00:00

// Complete datetime
parseISO('2014-02-11T11:30:30');
//=> Tue Feb 11 2014 11:30:30

// With timezone
parseISO('2014-02-11T11:30:30+05:00');
//=> Tue Feb 11 2014 11:30:30

// UTC time
parseISO('2014-02-11T11:30:30Z');
//=> Tue Feb 11 2014 11:30:30

// With milliseconds
parseISO('2014-02-11T11:30:30.123Z');
//=> Tue Feb 11 2014 11:30:30.123

parseJSON

Parse a date from JSON (handles various JSON date formats).

function parseJSON<ResultDate extends Date = Date>(
  dateStr: string,
  options?: ParseJSONOptions<ResultDate>
): ResultDate;

Parameters:

dateStr - The JSON date string to parse
options - Optional parsing configuration with context support

Examples:

import { parseJSON } from "date-fns";

// ISO string from JSON
parseJSON('2014-02-11T11:30:30.000Z');
//=> Tue Feb 11 2014 11:30:30

// Unix timestamp
parseJSON(1392123030000);
//=> Tue Feb 11 2014 11:30:30

// Already a Date object
parseJSON(new Date(2014, 1, 11));
//=> Tue Feb 11 2014 00:00:00

Validation and Matching

isMatch

Check if a string matches a date format pattern.

function isMatch(
  dateString: string,
  formatString: string,
  options?: MatchOptions
): boolean;

Parameters:

dateString - The string to test
formatString - The format pattern to match against
options - Optional matching configuration

Examples:

import { isMatch } from "date-fns";

// Valid formats
isMatch('2014-02-11', 'yyyy-MM-dd');
//=> true

isMatch('11.02.2014', 'dd.MM.yyyy');
//=> true

// Invalid formats
isMatch('2014-02-11', 'dd.MM.yyyy');
//=> false

isMatch('not-a-date', 'yyyy-MM-dd');
//=> false

// Complex patterns
isMatch('2014-02-11 14:30:45', 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss');
//=> true

Advanced Parsing Patterns

Date Parts Parsing

Parse dates with various separators and formats:

import { parse } from "date-fns";

// Different separators
parse('2014/02/11', 'yyyy/MM/dd', new Date());
parse('2014-02-11', 'yyyy-MM-dd', new Date());
parse('2014.02.11', 'yyyy.MM.dd', new Date());

// Different order
parse('11/02/2014', 'dd/MM/yyyy', new Date());
parse('02/11/2014', 'MM/dd/yyyy', new Date());

// Short year
parse('14-02-11', 'yy-MM-dd', new Date());

Time Parsing

Parse various time formats:

import { parse } from "date-fns";

// 24-hour format
parse('14:30:45', 'HH:mm:ss', new Date());

// 12-hour format with AM/PM
parse('2:30:45 PM', 'h:mm:ss a', new Date());

// Minutes and seconds only
parse('30:45', 'mm:ss', new Date());

// With milliseconds
parse('14:30:45.123', 'HH:mm:ss.SSS', new Date());

Relative Date Parsing

Use reference date for context-dependent parsing:

import { parse } from "date-fns";

const referenceDate = new Date(2020, 0, 1); // Jan 1, 2020

// Parse relative to reference year
parse('02-11', 'MM-dd', referenceDate);
//=> Feb 11, 2020

// Day of year
parse('42', 'D', referenceDate);
//=> Feb 11, 2020 (42nd day of 2020)

Error Handling

Invalid Date Detection

import { parse, isValid } from "date-fns";

// Parse potentially invalid date
const result = parse('invalid-date', 'yyyy-MM-dd', new Date());

// Check if parsing was successful
if (isValid(result)) {
  console.log('Parsed successfully:', result);
} else {
  console.log('Parsing failed');
}

// Parse with validation
function safeParse(dateString: string, format: string): Date | null {
  try {
    const parsed = parse(dateString, format, new Date());
    return isValid(parsed) ? parsed : null;
  } catch {
    return null;
  }
}

Common Parsing Pitfalls

import { parse, parseISO } from "date-fns";

// Ambiguous formats - be explicit
parse('01/02/2014', 'MM/dd/yyyy', new Date()); // Jan 2, 2014
parse('01/02/2014', 'dd/MM/yyyy', new Date()); // Feb 1, 2014

// Timezone handling
parseISO('2014-02-11T11:30:30'); // Local time
parseISO('2014-02-11T11:30:30Z'); // UTC time

// Invalid dates return Invalid Date
parse('2014-13-01', 'yyyy-MM-dd', new Date()); // Invalid Date
parse('2014-02-30', 'yyyy-MM-dd', new Date()); // Invalid Date

Option Types

ParseOptions

interface ParseOptions {
  locale?: Locale;
  weekStartsOn?: 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6;
  firstWeekContainsDate?: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7;
  useAdditionalWeekYearTokens?: boolean;
  useAdditionalDayOfYearTokens?: boolean;
}

MatchOptions

interface MatchOptions {
  locale?: Locale;
  weekStartsOn?: 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6;
  firstWeekContainsDate?: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7;
  useAdditionalWeekYearTokens?: boolean;
  useAdditionalDayOfYearTokens?: boolean;
}

ParseISOOptions

interface ParseISOOptions<DateType extends Date = Date> extends ContextOptions<DateType> {
  additionalDigits?: 0 | 1 | 2;
}

ParseJSONOptions

interface ParseJSONOptions<DateType extends Date = Date> extends ContextOptions<DateType> {}

Format Token Reference

Date Tokens

Token	Description	Example
`yyyy`	4-digit year	2014
`yy`	2-digit year	14
`y`	Year	2014
`YYYY`	ISO week year	2014
`YY`	2-digit ISO week year	14

Month Tokens

Token	Description	Example
`MMMM`	Full month name	February
`MMM`	Short month name	Feb
`MM`	2-digit month	02
`M`	Month	2

Day Tokens

Token	Description	Example
`dd`	2-digit day	11
`d`	Day	11
`D`	Day of year	42
`EEEE`	Full day name	Tuesday
`EEE`	Short day name	Tue
`e`	Local day of week	2
`i`	ISO day of week	2

Time Tokens

Token	Description	Example
`HH`	24-hour hour	14
`H`	24-hour hour	14
`hh`	12-hour hour	02
`h`	12-hour hour	2
`mm`	2-digit minute	30
`m`	Minute	30
`ss`	2-digit second	45
`s`	Second	45
`SSS`	Millisecond	123
`S`	1/10 second	1
`SS`	1/100 second	12

AM/PM and Timezone

Token	Description	Example
`a`	AM/PM	PM
`aa`	AM/PM	PM
`aaa`	AM/PM	PM
`X`	Timezone offset	+0200
`XX`	Timezone offset	+02:00
`XXX`	Timezone offset	+02:00

Version

Tile

Files

parsing.md.css-3qkkll{font-size:var(--chakra-font-sizes-sm);font-weight:var(--chakra-font-weights-normal);color:var(--chakra-colors-gray-300);}docs/

Date Parsing

Core Parsing

parse

parseISO

parseJSON

Validation and Matching

isMatch

Advanced Parsing Patterns

Date Parts Parsing

Time Parsing

Relative Date Parsing

Error Handling

Invalid Date Detection

Common Parsing Pitfalls

Option Types

ParseOptions

MatchOptions

ParseISOOptions

ParseJSONOptions

Format Token Reference

Date Tokens

Month Tokens

Day Tokens

Time Tokens

AM/PM and Timezone

parsing.mddocs/