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lodash.snakecase

The lodash method snakeCase exported as a standalone Node.js module for converting strings to snake_case format. This utility transforms camelCase, PascalCase, kebab-case, and space-separated strings into lowercase words connected by underscores, with robust Unicode and internationalization support.

Package Information

Package Name: lodash.snakecase
Package Type: npm
Language: JavaScript
Installation: npm install lodash.snakecase

Core Imports

var snakeCase = require('lodash.snakecase');

For ES6+ environments with module support:

import snakeCase from 'lodash.snakecase';

Basic Usage

var snakeCase = require('lodash.snakecase');

// Convert camelCase
snakeCase('fooBar');
// => 'foo_bar'

// Convert PascalCase
snakeCase('FooBar');
// => 'foo_bar'

// Convert kebab-case
snakeCase('--FOO-BAR--');
// => 'foo_bar'

// Convert space-separated words
snakeCase('Foo Bar');
// => 'foo_bar'

// Handle complex strings with mixed patterns
snakeCase('XMLHttpRequest');
// => 'xml_http_request'

Capabilities

String Case Conversion

Converts strings to snake_case format by transforming various naming conventions into lowercase words connected by underscores. Handles Unicode characters, accents, and complex string patterns through sophisticated regular expression processing.

/**
 * Converts string to snake case
 * @param {string} [string=''] - The string to convert
 * @returns {string} Returns the snake cased string
 */
function snakeCase(string)

Parameter Details:

string (string, optional): The string to convert. Defaults to empty string if not provided or if null/undefined is passed.

Return Value:

Returns a string in snake_case format where words are lowercase and separated by underscores.

Behavior:

Converts camelCase and PascalCase by inserting underscores before uppercase letters
Handles kebab-case, space-separated, and mixed delimiter strings
Removes leading/trailing delimiters and normalizes multiple delimiters
Processes Unicode characters and diacritical marks (converts "café" to "cafe")
Handles complex patterns like acronyms and numbers within strings
Returns empty string for null, undefined, or empty input

Comprehensive Examples:

// Basic case conversions
snakeCase('Foo Bar');
// => 'foo_bar'

snakeCase('fooBar'); 
// => 'foo_bar'

snakeCase('FooBar');
// => 'foo_bar'

// Delimiter handling
snakeCase('--FOO-BAR--');
// => 'foo_bar'

snakeCase('foo-bar-baz');
// => 'foo_bar_baz'

snakeCase('foo_bar_baz');
// => 'foo_bar_baz'

// Complex patterns
snakeCase('XMLHttpRequest');
// => 'xml_http_request'

snakeCase('iOS App');
// => 'i_os_app'

snakeCase('HTML5Parser');
// => 'html5_parser'

// Unicode and special characters
snakeCase('café münü');
// => 'cafe_munu'

snakeCase('naïve approach');
// => 'naive_approach'

// Numbers and mixed content
snakeCase('user123ID');
// => 'user123_id'

snakeCase('API2Client');
// => 'api2_client'

// Edge cases
snakeCase('');
// => ''

snakeCase(null);
// => ''

snakeCase(undefined);
// => ''

snakeCase('   ');
// => ''

snakeCase('a');
// => 'a'

Advanced Usage Patterns

Database Column Naming

Convert JavaScript object properties to database-friendly column names:

var snakeCase = require('lodash.snakecase');

var userData = {
  firstName: 'John',
  lastName: 'Doe',
  emailAddress: 'john@example.com',
  phoneNumber: '+1234567890'
};

var dbColumns = {};
Object.keys(userData).forEach(function(key) {
  dbColumns[snakeCase(key)] = userData[key];
});

console.log(dbColumns);
// => {
//   first_name: 'John',
//   last_name: 'Doe', 
//   email_address: 'john@example.com',
//   phone_number: '+1234567890'
// }

API Key Transformation

Transform camelCase API keys to snake_case for external APIs:

var apiKeys = ['userId', 'accessToken', 'refreshToken', 'clientSecret'];
var snakeKeys = apiKeys.map(snakeCase);

console.log(snakeKeys);
// => ['user_id', 'access_token', 'refresh_token', 'client_secret']

Environment Variable Naming

Convert configuration keys to environment variable format:

var configKeys = ['serverPort', 'databaseUrl', 'apiSecret', 'debugMode'];
var envVars = configKeys.map(function(key) {
  return snakeCase(key).toUpperCase();
});

console.log(envVars);
// => ['SERVER_PORT', 'DATABASE_URL', 'API_SECRET', 'DEBUG_MODE']

Form Field Processing

Process form field names for backend APIs:

var formData = {
  'userFirstName': 'Alice',
  'userLastName': 'Smith',
  'contactEmail': 'alice@example.com',
  'preferredLanguage': 'en-US'
};

var processedData = {};
for (var key in formData) {
  processedData[snakeCase(key)] = formData[key];
}

console.log(processedData);
// => {
//   user_first_name: 'Alice',
//   user_last_name: 'Smith',
//   contact_email: 'alice@example.com',
//   preferred_language: 'en-US'
// }

GraphQL Field Mapping

Convert GraphQL field names to match database schema:

var graphqlFields = [
  'createdAt',
  'updatedAt', 
  'isActive',
  'lastLoginTime',
  'userPreferences'
];

var dbFields = graphqlFields.map(snakeCase);

console.log(dbFields);
// => [
//   'created_at',
//   'updated_at',
//   'is_active', 
//   'last_login_time',
//   'user_preferences'
// ]

Error Handling

The snakeCase function is designed to be robust and never throw errors:

Handles null and undefined inputs gracefully (returns empty string)
Converts non-string inputs to strings before processing
Processes invalid Unicode sequences without throwing exceptions
Returns predictable output for edge cases like empty strings or whitespace-only strings

// Safe with any input type
snakeCase(123);        // => '123'
snakeCase(true);       // => 'true'  
snakeCase([1, 2, 3]);  // => '1,2,3'
snakeCase({});         // => '[object Object]' -> '[object_object]'