Test-Driven Development (TDD) Standard

Priority: P0 — Iron Law

NO PRODUCTION CODE WITHOUT FAILING TEST FIRST. Code written before test MUST deleted. Start over.

Step 1: RGR Loop (Red-Green-Refactor)

1. RED: Write minimal failing test. Verify failure (Expected error, not typo).
2. GREEN: Write simplest code to pass. Verify pass.
3. REFACTOR: Clean up code while staying green.

AAA Structure (Mandatory)

Every test must follow Arrange-Act-Assert:

• Arrange: Set up inputs, stubs, mocks, and expected values.
• Act: Call single unit under test.
• Assert: Verify output and side effects. One logical assertion per test. (See AAA Example for code structure).

Step 3: Verification & Thresholds

• Minimum Coverage: 80% (Stat/Func/Line), 75% (Branch).
• Mocks:
• Always mock: HTTP, Time/Date, Filesystem.
• Never mock: Fast internal services (<200ms), pure domain logic.
• See Test Runner Reference for environment-specific commands.

Step 4: Principles & Mocks

• Watch it Fail: Prove test works before writing code.
• Minimalism: Don't add features/options beyond current test (YAGNI).
• Isolation: Mock external APIs (HTTP) and Time.
• Realism: Prefer real DBs (test containers) and fast internal services (<200ms).

Verification Checklist

• Every new function/method failing test first?
• Failure message expected?
• Minimal code implemented passed?
• AAA structure followed?
• Coverage thresholds met?

Expert References

• AAA Example
• AAA Methodology
• Test Runners
• TDD Patterns
• Testing Anti-Patterns

Anti-Patterns

• No test-after: Writing tests post-implementation defeats TDD. Delete and restart.
• No assertion-free tests: test without assert not test.
• No testing implementation: Test behavior and contracts, not internal calls.