Multimedia Processing

/**
 * Format context for input/output operations
 */
public class AVFormatContext extends Pointer {
    /**
     * Allocate format context
     * @return New format context
     */
    public static native AVFormatContext avformat_alloc_context();
    
    /**
     * Open input file or stream
     * @param ps Pointer to format context (will be allocated if null)
     * @param url Input file path or URL
     * @param fmt Input format (null for auto-detection)
     * @param options Format options
     * @return 0 on success, negative on error
     */
    public native int avformat_open_input(AVFormatContext ps, String url, 
        AVInputFormat fmt, AVDictionary options);
    
    /**
     * Read stream information
     * @param options Codec options
     * @return 0 on success, negative on error
     */
    public native int avformat_find_stream_info(AVDictionary options);
    
    /**
     * Close input format context
     */
    public native void avformat_close_input();
    
    /**
     * Get number of streams
     * @return Number of streams in format context
     */
    public native int nb_streams();
    
    /**
     * Get streams array
     * @return Array of streams
     */
    public native AVStreamVector streams();
}

/**
 * Stream structure
 */
public class AVStream extends Pointer {
    /** Stream index */
    public native int index();
    
    /** Stream codec parameters */
    public native AVCodecParameters codecpar();
    
    /** Stream time base */
    public native AVRational time_base();
    
    /** Stream duration */
    public native long duration();
}

/**
 * Input format structure
 */
public class AVInputFormat extends Pointer {
    /** Format name */
    public native String name();
    
    /** Format long name */
    public native String long_name();
    
    /** Format extensions */
    public native String extensions();
}

/**
 * Codec context for encoding/decoding
 */
public class AVCodecContext extends Pointer {
    /**
     * Allocate codec context
     * @param codec Codec to use
     * @return New codec context
     */
    public static native AVCodecContext avcodec_alloc_context3(AVCodec codec);
    
    /**
     * Open codec
     * @param codec Codec to open
     * @param options Codec options
     * @return 0 on success, negative on error
     */
    public native int avcodec_open2(AVCodec codec, AVDictionary options);
    
    /**
     * Close codec context
     * @return 0 on success
     */
    public native int avcodec_close();
    
    /**
     * Send packet to decoder
     * @param pkt Input packet (null for flushing)
     * @return 0 on success, AVERROR(EAGAIN) if need to read output first
     */
    public native int avcodec_send_packet(AVPacket pkt);
    
    /**
     * Receive frame from decoder
     * @param frame Output frame
     * @return 0 on success, AVERROR(EAGAIN) if need to send input first
     */
    public native int avcodec_receive_frame(AVFrame frame);
    
    /**
     * Send frame to encoder
     * @param frame Input frame (null for flushing)
     * @return 0 on success, AVERROR(EAGAIN) if need to read output first
     */
    public native int avcodec_send_frame(AVFrame frame);
    
    /**
     * Receive packet from encoder
     * @param pkt Output packet
     * @return 0 on success, AVERROR(EAGAIN) if need to send input first
     */
    public native int avcodec_receive_packet(AVPacket pkt);
    
    /** Codec width (video) */
    public native int width();
    
    /** Codec height (video) */
    public native int height();
    
    /** Pixel format (video) */
    public native int pix_fmt();
    
    /** Sample rate (audio) */
    public native int sample_rate();
    
    /** Number of channels (audio) */
    public native int channels();
    
    /** Sample format (audio) */
    public native int sample_fmt();
}

/**
 * Codec structure
 */
public class AVCodec extends Pointer {
    /**
     * Find decoder by codec ID
     * @param id Codec ID
     * @return Decoder codec or null
     */
    public static native AVCodec avcodec_find_decoder(int id);
    
    /**
     * Find encoder by codec ID
     * @param id Codec ID
     * @return Encoder codec or null
     */
    public static native AVCodec avcodec_find_encoder(int id);
    
    /**
     * Find decoder by name
     * @param name Codec name
     * @return Decoder codec or null
     */
    public static native AVCodec avcodec_find_decoder_by_name(String name);
    
    /**
     * Find encoder by name
     * @param name Codec name
     * @return Encoder codec or null
     */
    public static native AVCodec avcodec_find_encoder_by_name(String name);
    
    /** Codec name */
    public native String name();
    
    /** Codec long name */
    public native String long_name();
    
    /** Codec type (video/audio) */
    public native int type();
    
    /** Codec ID */
    public native int id();
}

/**
 * Frame structure for decoded audio/video data
 */
public class AVFrame extends Pointer {
    /**
     * Allocate frame
     * @return New frame
     */
    public static native AVFrame av_frame_alloc();
    
    /**
     * Free frame
     * @param frame Frame to free
     */
    public static native void av_frame_free(AVFrame frame);
    
    /**
     * Unreference frame data
     */
    public native void av_frame_unref();
    
    /**
     * Clone frame
     * @return Cloned frame
     */
    public native AVFrame av_frame_clone();
    
    /** Frame width (video) */
    public native int width();
    
    /** Frame height (video) */  
    public native int height();
    
    /** Pixel format (video) */
    public native int format();
    
    /** Sample rate (audio) */
    public native int sample_rate();
    
    /** Number of samples (audio) */
    public native int nb_samples();
    
    /** Channel layout (audio) */
    public native long channel_layout();
    
    /** Frame data planes */
    public native PointerPointer data();
    
    /** Line sizes for each plane */
    public native IntPointer linesize();
    
    /** Presentation timestamp */
    public native long pts();
    
    /** Decoding timestamp */
    public native long dts();
}

/**
 * Packet structure for encoded data
 */
public class AVPacket extends Pointer {
    /**
     * Allocate packet
     * @return New packet
     */
    public static native AVPacket av_packet_alloc();
    
    /**
     * Free packet
     * @param pkt Packet to free
     */
    public static native void av_packet_free(AVPacket pkt);
    
    /**
     * Unreference packet data
     */
    public native void av_packet_unref();
    
    /**
     * Clone packet
     * @return Cloned packet
     */
    public native AVPacket av_packet_clone();
    
    /** Packet data */
    public native BytePointer data();
    
    /** Packet size */
    public native int size();
    
    /** Stream index */
    public native int stream_index();
    
    /** Presentation timestamp */
    public native long pts();
    
    /** Decoding timestamp */
    public native long dts();
    
    /** Duration */
    public native long duration();
}

/**
 * Scaling context for video format conversion
 */
public class SwsContext extends Pointer {
    /**
     * Get scaling context
     * @param srcW Source width
     * @param srcH Source height
     * @param srcFormat Source pixel format
     * @param dstW Destination width
     * @param dstH Destination height
     * @param dstFormat Destination pixel format
     * @param flags Scaling algorithm flags
     * @param srcFilter Source filter
     * @param dstFilter Destination filter
     * @param param Extra parameters
     * @return Scaling context
     */
    public static native SwsContext sws_getContext(int srcW, int srcH, int srcFormat,
        int dstW, int dstH, int dstFormat, int flags, SwsFilter srcFilter,
        SwsFilter dstFilter, DoublePointer param);
    
    /**
     * Scale frame
     * @param srcSlice Source image planes
     * @param srcStride Source line sizes
     * @param srcSliceY Source slice Y position
     * @param srcSliceH Source slice height
     * @param dst Destination image planes
     * @param dstStride Destination line sizes
     * @return Height of output slice
     */
    public native int sws_scale(PointerPointer srcSlice, IntPointer srcStride,
        int srcSliceY, int srcSliceH, PointerPointer dst, IntPointer dstStride);
    
    /**
     * Free scaling context
     */
    public native void sws_freeContext();
}

/**
 * Audio resampling context
 */
public class SwrContext extends Pointer {
    /**
     * Allocate resampling context
     * @return New resampling context
     */
    public static native SwrContext swr_alloc();
    
    /**
     * Initialize resampling context
     * @return 0 on success, negative on error
     */
    public native int swr_init();
    
    /**
     * Convert audio samples
     * @param out Output audio data
     * @param out_count Output sample count
     * @param in Input audio data
     * @param in_count Input sample count
     * @return Number of output samples generated
     */
    public native int swr_convert(PointerPointer out, int out_count,
        PointerPointer in, int in_count);
    
    /**
     * Free resampling context
     */
    public native void swr_free();
}

/**
 * Filter graph for processing chains
 */
public class AVFilterGraph extends Pointer {
    /**
     * Allocate filter graph
     * @return New filter graph
     */
    public static native AVFilterGraph avfilter_graph_alloc();
    
    /**
     * Free filter graph
     */
    public native void avfilter_graph_free();
    
    /**
     * Configure filter graph
     * @param log_ctx Logging context
     * @return 0 on success, negative on error
     */
    public native int avfilter_graph_config(Pointer log_ctx);
    
    /**
     * Add filter to graph
     * @param filter Filter to add
     * @param name Filter instance name
     * @param args Filter arguments
     * @param log_ctx Logging context
     * @return Filter context or null on error
     */
    public native AVFilterContext avfilter_graph_alloc_filter(AVFilter filter,
        String name, String args, Pointer log_ctx);
}

/**
 * Filter context
 */
public class AVFilterContext extends Pointer {
    /**
     * Initialize filter
     * @param args Filter arguments
     * @param opaque User data
     * @return 0 on success, negative on error
     */
    public native int avfilter_init_str(String args, Pointer opaque);
    
    /**
     * Get filter input pad
     * @param index Input index
     * @return Input pad
     */
    public native AVFilterPad input(int index);
    
    /**
     * Get filter output pad
     * @param index Output index
     * @return Output pad
     */
    public native AVFilterPad output(int index);
}

import org.bytedeco.ffmpeg.avformat.*;
import org.bytedeco.ffmpeg.avcodec.*;
import static org.bytedeco.ffmpeg.global.avformat.*;
import static org.bytedeco.ffmpeg.global.avcodec.*;

public class VideoInfo {
    static {
        Loader.load(avformat.class);
        Loader.load(avcodec.class);
    }
    
    public static void getVideoInfo(String filename) {
        try (PointerScope scope = new PointerScope()) {
            AVFormatContext formatCtx = avformat_alloc_context();
            
            // Open input file
            if (avformat_open_input(formatCtx, filename, null, null) != 0) {
                System.err.println("Could not open file: " + filename);
                return;
            }
            
            // Find stream information
            if (avformat_find_stream_info(formatCtx, (AVDictionary) null) < 0) {
                System.err.println("Could not find stream information");
                return;
            }
            
            // Print file information
            System.out.println("Format: " + formatCtx.iformat().long_name().getString());
            System.out.println("Duration: " + formatCtx.duration() / AV_TIME_BASE + " seconds");
            System.out.println("Streams: " + formatCtx.nb_streams());
            
            // Iterate through streams
            for (int i = 0; i < formatCtx.nb_streams(); i++) {
                AVStream stream = formatCtx.streams().get(i);
                AVCodecParameters codecpar = stream.codecpar();
                
                if (codecpar.codec_type() == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
                    System.out.println("Video stream " + i + ":");
                    System.out.println("  Resolution: " + codecpar.width() + "x" + codecpar.height());
                    System.out.println("  Codec: " + avcodec_get_name(codecpar.codec_id()).getString());
                } else if (codecpar.codec_type() == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
                    System.out.println("Audio stream " + i + ":");
                    System.out.println("  Sample rate: " + codecpar.sample_rate() + " Hz");
                    System.out.println("  Channels: " + codecpar.channels());
                    System.out.println("  Codec: " + avcodec_get_name(codecpar.codec_id()).getString());
                }
            }
            
            avformat_close_input(formatCtx);
        }
    }
}

import org.bytedeco.ffmpeg.avformat.*;
import org.bytedeco.ffmpeg.avcodec.*;
import org.bytedeco.ffmpeg.swscale.*;
import static org.bytedeco.ffmpeg.global.avformat.*;
import static org.bytedeco.ffmpeg.global.avcodec.*;
import static org.bytedeco.ffmpeg.global.swscale.*;

public class FrameExtractor {
    public static void extractFrames(String inputFile, String outputPattern) {
        try (PointerScope scope = new PointerScope()) {
            AVFormatContext formatCtx = avformat_alloc_context();
            AVCodecContext codecCtx = null;
            AVFrame frame = av_frame_alloc();
            AVFrame rgbFrame = av_frame_alloc();
            AVPacket packet = av_packet_alloc();
            
            // Open input file
            if (avformat_open_input(formatCtx, inputFile, null, null) != 0) {
                System.err.println("Could not open input file");
                return;
            }
            
            avformat_find_stream_info(formatCtx, (AVDictionary) null);
            
            // Find video stream
            int videoStreamIndex = -1;
            for (int i = 0; i < formatCtx.nb_streams(); i++) {
                if (formatCtx.streams().get(i).codecpar().codec_type() == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
                    videoStreamIndex = i;
                    break;
                }
            }
            
            if (videoStreamIndex == -1) {
                System.err.println("No video stream found");
                return;
            }
            
            AVStream videoStream = formatCtx.streams().get(videoStreamIndex);
            AVCodec codec = avcodec_find_decoder(videoStream.codecpar().codec_id());
            codecCtx = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
            avcodec_parameters_to_context(codecCtx, videoStream.codecpar());
            avcodec_open2(codecCtx, codec, (AVDictionary) null);
            
            // Setup scaling context for RGB conversion
            SwsContext swsCtx = sws_getContext(
                codecCtx.width(), codecCtx.height(), codecCtx.pix_fmt(),
                codecCtx.width(), codecCtx.height(), AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24,
                SWS_BILINEAR, null, null, (DoublePointer) null
            );
            
            // Allocate RGB frame buffer
            int numBytes = av_image_get_buffer_size(AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24, 
                codecCtx.width(), codecCtx.height(), 1);
            BytePointer buffer = new BytePointer(av_malloc(numBytes));
            av_image_fill_arrays(rgbFrame.data(), rgbFrame.linesize(), 
                buffer, AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24, codecCtx.width(), codecCtx.height(), 1);
            
            int frameNumber = 0;
            
            // Read frames
            while (av_read_frame(formatCtx, packet) >= 0) {
                if (packet.stream_index() == videoStreamIndex) {
                    if (avcodec_send_packet(codecCtx, packet) >= 0) {
                        while (avcodec_receive_frame(codecCtx, frame) >= 0) {
                            // Convert to RGB
                            sws_scale(swsCtx, frame.data(), frame.linesize(), 
                                0, codecCtx.height(), rgbFrame.data(), rgbFrame.linesize());
                            
                            // Save frame (simplified - would need actual image saving logic)
                            System.out.println("Extracted frame " + frameNumber);
                            frameNumber++;
                        }
                    }
                }
                av_packet_unref(packet);
            }
            
            // Cleanup
            sws_freeContext(swsCtx);
            av_free(buffer);
            avcodec_close(codecCtx);
            avformat_close_input(formatCtx);
        }
    }
}

import org.bytedeco.ffmpeg.avformat.*;
import org.bytedeco.ffmpeg.avcodec.*;
import org.bytedeco.ffmpeg.swresample.*;
import static org.bytedeco.ffmpeg.global.avformat.*;
import static org.bytedeco.ffmpeg.global.avcodec.*;
import static org.bytedeco.ffmpeg.global.swresample.*;

public class AudioProcessor {
    public static void processAudio(String inputFile) {
        try (PointerScope scope = new PointerScope()) {
            AVFormatContext formatCtx = avformat_alloc_context();
            
            // Open and analyze input
            avformat_open_input(formatCtx, inputFile, null, null);
            avformat_find_stream_info(formatCtx, (AVDictionary) null);
            
            // Find audio stream
            int audioStreamIndex = -1;
            for (int i = 0; i < formatCtx.nb_streams(); i++) {
                if (formatCtx.streams().get(i).codecpar().codec_type() == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
                    audioStreamIndex = i;
                    break;
                }
            }
            
            AVStream audioStream = formatCtx.streams().get(audioStreamIndex);
            AVCodec codec = avcodec_find_decoder(audioStream.codecpar().codec_id());
            AVCodecContext codecCtx = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
            avcodec_parameters_to_context(codecCtx, audioStream.codecpar());
            avcodec_open2(codecCtx, codec, (AVDictionary) null);
            
            // Setup resampling for consistent output format
            SwrContext swrCtx = swr_alloc();
            av_opt_set_int(swrCtx, "in_channel_layout", codecCtx.channel_layout(), 0);
            av_opt_set_int(swrCtx, "out_channel_layout", AV_CH_LAYOUT_STEREO, 0);
            av_opt_set_int(swrCtx, "in_sample_rate", codecCtx.sample_rate(), 0);
            av_opt_set_int(swrCtx, "out_sample_rate", 44100, 0);
            av_opt_set_sample_fmt(swrCtx, "in_sample_fmt", codecCtx.sample_fmt(), 0);
            av_opt_set_sample_fmt(swrCtx, "out_sample_fmt", AV_SAMPLE_FMT_S16, 0);
            swr_init(swrCtx);
            
            AVFrame frame = av_frame_alloc();
            AVPacket packet = av_packet_alloc();
            
            // Process audio packets
            while (av_read_frame(formatCtx, packet) >= 0) {
                if (packet.stream_index() == audioStreamIndex) {
                    if (avcodec_send_packet(codecCtx, packet) >= 0) {
                        while (avcodec_receive_frame(codecCtx, frame) >= 0) {
                            // Resample audio frame
                            BytePointer outputBuffer = new BytePointer(av_malloc(8192));
                            PointerPointer outputData = new PointerPointer(1).put(0, outputBuffer);
                            
                            int outputSamples = swr_convert(swrCtx, outputData, 2048,
                                frame.data(), frame.nb_samples());
                            
                            System.out.println("Processed " + outputSamples + " audio samples");
                            
                            av_free(outputBuffer);
                        }
                    }
                }
                av_packet_unref(packet);
            }
            
            // Cleanup
            swr_free(swrCtx);
            avcodec_close(codecCtx);
            avformat_close_input(formatCtx);
        }
    }
}