tessl/maven-org-sintef-jarduino--org-sintef-jarduino

A comprehensive Java library for interfacing with Arduino boards through serial, Bluetooth, and Ethernet connections

Overview

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Files

Bluetooth Communication

Name: tessl/maven-org-sintef-jarduino--org-sintef-jarduino
Author: tessl

Android Bluetooth communication enabling Arduino control from mobile applications. The Bluetooth module provides seamless Arduino communication over Bluetooth connections with automatic device pairing, connection management, and the same reliable messaging protocol used in serial communication.

Capabilities

Android Bluetooth Arduino Connection

Main class for Bluetooth communication with Arduino from Android applications, implementing the observer pattern for asynchronous message handling.

class AndroidBluetooth4JArduino implements JArduinoClientObserver, JArduinoSubject, Runnable {
    // Message framing constants (same as serial)
    static final byte START_BYTE = 0x12;
    static final byte STOP_BYTE = 0x13;
    static final byte ESCAPE_BYTE = 0x7D;

    // Constructors
    AndroidBluetooth4JArduino(AndroidBluetoothConfiguration myConf);
    AndroidBluetooth4JArduino(ProtocolConfiguration myConf);

    // Configuration methods
    void setAndroidBluetoothSocket(BluetoothSocket socket);

    // Communication methods
    void receiveMsg(byte[] msg);
    void register(JArduinoObserver observer);
    void unregister(JArduinoObserver observer);
    void run();
    void close();
}

Bluetooth Configuration

Configuration class for Android Bluetooth connection setup.

class AndroidBluetoothConfiguration extends ProtocolConfiguration {
    AndroidBluetoothConfiguration(BluetoothSocket socket);
    BluetoothSocket getmSocket();
}

class ProtocolConfiguration {
    // Base configuration class
}

Usage Examples

Basic Android Bluetooth Setup

import org.sintef.jarduino.comm.AndroidBluetooth4JArduino;
import org.sintef.jarduino.comm.AndroidBluetoothConfiguration;
import org.sintef.jarduino.observer.JArduinoObserver;
import org.sintef.jarduino.*;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;

public class AndroidBluetoothExample extends Activity {
    private AndroidBluetooth4JArduino arduino;
    private BluetoothSocket socket;

    private void connectToArduino() {
        try {
            BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
            BluetoothDevice device = adapter.getRemoteDevice("00:11:22:33:44:55"); // Arduino Bluetooth MAC

            // Create Bluetooth socket
            UUID uuid = UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"); // Serial Port Profile
            socket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);
            socket.connect();

            // Create configuration and Arduino connection
            AndroidBluetoothConfiguration config = new AndroidBluetoothConfiguration(socket);
            arduino = new AndroidBluetooth4JArduino(config);

            // Register observer for Arduino responses
            arduino.register(new JArduinoObserver() {
                @Override
                public void receiveMsg(byte[] msg) {
                    FixedSizePacket packet = JArduinoProtocol.createMessageFromPacket(msg);
                    Log.d("Arduino", "Response: " + packet.toString());

                    // Handle specific message types
                    if (packet instanceof AnalogReadResultMsg) {
                        AnalogReadResultMsg result = (AnalogReadResultMsg) packet;
                        // Update UI with sensor value
                    }
                }
            });

            // Start communication thread
            Thread bluetoothThread = new Thread(arduino);
            bluetoothThread.start();

        } catch (IOException e) {
            Log.e("Bluetooth", "Connection failed", e);
        }
    }

    private void controlArduino() {
        // Set pin mode
        FixedSizePacket pinMode = JArduinoProtocol.createPinMode(DigitalPin.PIN_13, PinMode.OUTPUT);
        arduino.receiveMsg(pinMode.getPacket());

        // Blink LED
        FixedSizePacket on = JArduinoProtocol.createDigitalWrite(DigitalPin.PIN_13, DigitalState.HIGH);
        arduino.receiveMsg(on.getPacket());

        // Read sensor
        FixedSizePacket analogRead = JArduinoProtocol.createAnalogRead(AnalogPin.A_0);
        arduino.receiveMsg(analogRead.getPacket());
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        if (arduino != null) {
            arduino.close();
        }
        if (socket != null) {
            try {
                socket.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                Log.e("Bluetooth", "Error closing socket", e);
            }
        }
    }
}

Android Bluetooth Device Discovery

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;

public class BluetoothDeviceDiscovery {
    private BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter;
    private List<BluetoothDevice> discoveredDevices = new ArrayList<>();

    public void startDiscovery() {
        bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

        // Register broadcast receiver for device discovery
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
        registerReceiver(deviceDiscoveryReceiver, filter);

        // Start discovery
        if (bluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
            bluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
        }
        bluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
    }

    private final BroadcastReceiver deviceDiscoveryReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            String action = intent.getAction();
            if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
                BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);

                // Look for Arduino devices (typically named "HC-05", "HC-06", etc.)
                String deviceName = device.getName();
                if (deviceName != null && (deviceName.contains("HC-") || deviceName.contains("Arduino"))) {
                    discoveredDevices.add(device);
                    // Update UI with found Arduino device
                }
            }
        }
    };
}

Socket Configuration with Existing Connection

// If you already have a BluetoothSocket from elsewhere
BluetoothSocket existingSocket = // ... obtained from your Bluetooth setup

// Create Arduino communication directly
AndroidBluetooth4JArduino arduino = new AndroidBluetooth4JArduino(
    new AndroidBluetoothConfiguration(existingSocket)
);

// Or set socket after creation
arduino.setAndroidBluetoothSocket(existingSocket);

Android Integration

Permissions Required

Add these permissions to your Android manifest:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />

Sample Android Application

The JArduino project includes complete Android sample applications:

jarduino.samples.android: Basic Android Arduino control
jarduino.samples.android.gui: Full GUI Arduino controller with visual pin layout

These samples demonstrate:

Bluetooth device discovery and pairing
Arduino connection management
Real-time sensor reading
Interactive pin control
Command history and logging

Message Framing Protocol

Bluetooth communication uses the same reliable binary framing protocol as serial communication:

START_BYTE (0x12): Marks beginning of message
STOP_BYTE (0x13): Marks end of message
ESCAPE_BYTE (0x7D): Escapes special bytes in payload

This ensures consistent message handling across all communication transports.

Threading Model

The AndroidBluetooth4JArduino class implements Runnable for background communication:

Main Thread: Send commands via receiveMsg() method
Background Thread: Continuously listens for Arduino responses
Observer Callbacks: Delivered on background thread (use Handler for UI updates)

Error Handling

Common Bluetooth issues handled by the implementation:

Connection failures: IOException handling with automatic cleanup
Device not found: Proper error reporting through observer pattern
Connection lost: Automatic detection and notification
Message corruption: Framing protocol enables recovery
Android lifecycle: Proper cleanup in activity destruction

Dependencies

JArduino Core: org.sintef.jarduino.core for protocol and message classes
Android Bluetooth API: android.bluetooth.* for Bluetooth socket communication
RXTX Library: org.kevoree.extra.osgi.rxtx for additional serial port utilities

Install with Tessl CLI

npx tessl i tessl/maven-org-sintef-jarduino--org-sintef-jarduino

docs

advanced-features.md

bluetooth-communication.md

serial-communication.md

tile.json

tessl/maven-org-sintef-jarduino--org-sintef-jarduino