Security and Authentication

class SupersetSecurityManager(SecurityManager):
    """Enhanced security manager for Superset with custom permissions."""
    
    def __init__(self, appbuilder: AppBuilder):
        """
        Initialize security manager.
        
        Args:
            appbuilder: Flask-AppBuilder instance
        """
    
    def get_user_menu_access(self, menu_names: List[str]) -> Set[str]:
        """
        Get menus accessible to current user.
        
        Args:
            menu_names: List of menu names to check
            
        Returns:
            Set of accessible menu names
        """
    
    def can_access(self, permission_name: str, view_name: str) -> bool:
        """
        Check if current user has permission.
        
        Args:
            permission_name: Permission to check (can_read, can_write, etc.)
            view_name: View/resource name
            
        Returns:
            True if user has permission
        """
    
    def get_rls_filters(self, table: BaseDatasource) -> List[SqlaQuery]:
        """
        Get row-level security filters for user and table.
        
        Args:
            table: Target datasource
            
        Returns:
            List of SQL filter conditions
        """
    
    def get_datasource_access_error_msg(self, datasource: BaseDatasource) -> str:
        """
        Get error message for datasource access denial.
        
        Args:
            datasource: Inaccessible datasource
            
        Returns:
            Human-readable error message
        """
    
    def raise_for_access(self, permission_name: str = None, 
                        view_name: str = None, **kwargs) -> None:
        """
        Raise exception if user lacks permission.
        
        Args:
            permission_name: Required permission
            view_name: Target view/resource
            
        Raises:
            SupersetSecurityException: If access denied
        """
    
    def get_user_roles(self) -> List[Role]:
        """Get roles for current user."""
    
    def is_admin(self) -> bool:
        """Check if current user is admin."""
    
    def is_alpha(self) -> bool:
        """Check if current user has alpha role."""
    
    def is_gamma(self) -> bool:  
        """Check if current user has gamma role."""

from superset import security_manager

# Check permissions
if security_manager.can_access('can_read', 'Dashboard'):
    # User can read dashboards
    pass

# Get accessible menus
accessible_menus = security_manager.get_user_menu_access(['SQL Lab', 'Charts'])

# Raise for access (will throw exception if denied)
security_manager.raise_for_access('can_edit', 'Chart')

# Authentication Type Constants
AUTH_OID: int = 0          # OpenID authentication
AUTH_DB: int = 1           # Database authentication  
AUTH_LDAP: int = 2         # LDAP authentication
AUTH_REMOTE_USER: int = 3  # Remote user authentication
AUTH_OAUTH: int = 4        # OAuth authentication

class AuthDBView(AuthView):
    """Database authentication view."""
    
    def login(self) -> Response:
        """
        Handle database login.
        
        Returns:
            Login response or redirect
        """

class AuthOAuthView(AuthView):
    """OAuth authentication view."""
    
    def oauth_authorize(self, provider: str) -> Response:
        """
        Initiate OAuth authorization flow.
        
        Args:
            provider: OAuth provider name
            
        Returns:
            Redirect to OAuth provider
        """
    
    def oauth_authorized(self, provider: str) -> Response:
        """
        Handle OAuth callback.
        
        Args:
            provider: OAuth provider name
            
        Returns:
            Login completion response
        """

class AuthLDAPView(AuthView):
    """LDAP authentication view."""
    
    def authenticate(self, username: str, password: str) -> bool:
        """
        Authenticate against LDAP server.
        
        Args:
            username: LDAP username
            password: User password
            
        Returns:
            True if authentication successful
        """

# Database authentication configuration
AUTH_TYPE = AUTH_DB
AUTH_USER_REGISTRATION = True
AUTH_USER_REGISTRATION_ROLE = "Gamma"

# OAuth configuration
AUTH_TYPE = AUTH_OAUTH
OAUTH_PROVIDERS = [{
    'name': 'google',
    'token_key': 'access_token',
    'icon': 'fa-google',
    'remote_app': {
        'client_id': 'your-client-id',
        'client_secret': 'your-client-secret',
        'server_metadata_url': 'https://accounts.google.com/.well-known/openid_configuration',
        'client_kwargs': {'scope': 'openid email profile'}
    }
}]

# Core Permission Classes
class Permission:
    """Permission for accessing resources."""
    
    name: str              # Permission name (can_read, can_write, etc.)
    view_menu: ViewMenu    # Target resource/view
    
    def __init__(self, name: str, view_menu: ViewMenu):
        """
        Initialize permission.
        
        Args:
            name: Permission type
            view_menu: Target resource
        """

class ViewMenu:
    """Resource/view that can be protected."""
    
    name: str  # Resource name (Dashboard, Chart, etc.)
    
    def __init__(self, name: str):
        """
        Initialize view menu.
        
        Args:
            name: Resource name
        """

class Role:
    """Group of permissions assigned to users."""
    
    name: str                      # Role name
    permissions: List[Permission]  # Assigned permissions
    
    def __init__(self, name: str):
        """
        Initialize role.
        
        Args:
            name: Role name
        """

# Permission Constants
PERMISSION_CAN_READ = "can_read"
PERMISSION_CAN_WRITE = "can_write" 
PERMISSION_CAN_DELETE = "can_delete"
PERMISSION_CAN_LIST = "can_list"
PERMISSION_CAN_SHOW = "can_show"
PERMISSION_CAN_ADD = "can_add"
PERMISSION_CAN_EDIT = "can_edit"

# Resource Constants
RESOURCE_DASHBOARD = "Dashboard"
RESOURCE_CHART = "Chart" 
RESOURCE_DATASET = "Dataset"
RESOURCE_DATABASE = "Database"
RESOURCE_SQL_LAB = "SQL Lab"

class DefaultRoles:
    """Default roles in Superset."""
    
    ADMIN = "Admin"           # Full system access
    ALPHA = "Alpha"           # Power user access
    GAMMA = "Gamma"           # Standard user access
    PUBLIC = "Public"         # Public/guest access
    SQL = "sql_lab"          # SQL Lab access
    GRANTER = "granter"      # Can grant permissions

def create_admin_role() -> Role:
    """
    Create admin role with all permissions.
    
    Returns:
        Admin role with full access
    """

def create_alpha_role() -> Role:
    """
    Create alpha role with power user permissions.
    
    Returns:
        Alpha role for power users
    """

def create_gamma_role() -> Role:
    """
    Create gamma role with standard user permissions.
    
    Returns:
        Gamma role for standard users
    """

def create_public_role() -> Role:
    """
    Create public role for guest access.
    
    Returns:
        Public role with limited access
    """

# Check user roles
from superset import security_manager

user = security_manager.get_user()
if security_manager.is_admin():
    # User has admin privileges
    pass

# Get user permissions  
user_permissions = []
for role in user.roles:
    user_permissions.extend(role.permissions)

class RowLevelSecurityFilter(Model):
    """Row-level security filter definition."""
    
    id: int
    filter_type: str           # SQL or Regular
    tables: List[SqlaTable]    # Target tables
    roles: List[Role]          # Applicable roles  
    group_key: str            # Grouping key for filters
    clause: str               # SQL WHERE clause
    
    def __init__(self, filter_type: str = "Regular", clause: str = None,
                 **kwargs):
        """
        Initialize RLS filter.
        
        Args:
            filter_type: Type of filter (SQL or Regular)
            clause: SQL WHERE clause for filtering
        """

def get_rls_filters(datasource: BaseDatasource, 
                   user: User = None) -> List[str]:
    """
    Get applicable RLS filters for datasource and user.
    
    Args:
        datasource: Target datasource
        user: User to get filters for (current user if None)
        
    Returns:
        List of SQL WHERE clauses to apply
    """

def apply_rls_filters(query: str, filters: List[str]) -> str:
    """
    Apply RLS filters to SQL query.
    
    Args:
        query: Original SQL query
        filters: List of filter clauses
        
    Returns:
        Modified query with filters applied
    """

# Create RLS filter
rls_filter = RowLevelSecurityFilter(
    filter_type="Regular",
    clause="department = '{{ current_user_id() }}'"
)
rls_filter.tables.append(sales_table)
rls_filter.roles.append(gamma_role)

# Apply RLS in query execution
filters = get_rls_filters(datasource, current_user)
filtered_query = apply_rls_filters(original_query, filters)

class UserManager:
    """User management utilities."""
    
    def create_user(self, username: str, email: str, first_name: str,
                   last_name: str, password: str, role: Role) -> User:
        """
        Create new user.
        
        Args:
            username: Login username
            email: Email address
            first_name: First name
            last_name: Last name  
            password: Initial password
            role: Primary role
            
        Returns:
            Created user instance
        """
    
    def update_user_roles(self, user: User, roles: List[Role]) -> None:
        """
        Update user's role assignments.
        
        Args:
            user: Target user
            roles: New role list
        """
    
    def deactivate_user(self, user: User) -> None:
        """
        Deactivate user account.
        
        Args:
            user: User to deactivate
        """
    
    def reset_password(self, user: User, new_password: str) -> None:
        """
        Reset user password.
        
        Args:
            user: Target user
            new_password: New password
        """

def get_current_user() -> User:
    """Get currently authenticated user."""

def get_user_by_username(username: str) -> User:
    """Get user by username."""

def get_user_roles(user: User) -> List[Role]:
    """Get roles assigned to user."""

class JWTManager:
    """JWT token management for API access."""
    
    def generate_token(self, user: User, expires_delta: timedelta = None) -> str:
        """
        Generate JWT access token.
        
        Args:
            user: User to generate token for
            expires_delta: Token expiration time
            
        Returns:
            JWT access token
        """
    
    def verify_token(self, token: str) -> User:
        """
        Verify and decode JWT token.
        
        Args:
            token: JWT token to verify
            
        Returns:
            User associated with token
            
        Raises:
            TokenError: If token invalid or expired
        """
    
    def refresh_token(self, refresh_token: str) -> str:
        """
        Generate new access token from refresh token.
        
        Args:
            refresh_token: Valid refresh token
            
        Returns:
            New access token
        """

def create_guest_token(resources: List[Dict[str, Any]], 
                      user_data: Dict[str, Any] = None) -> str:
    """
    Create guest access token for embedded dashboards.
    
    Args:
        resources: List of accessible resources
        user_data: Guest user attributes
        
    Returns:
        Guest access token
    """

# Generate API token
from superset.utils import jwt

user = get_current_user()
token = jwt.generate_token(user)

# Use token in API calls
headers = {'Authorization': f'Bearer {token}'}
response = requests.get('/api/v1/dashboard/', headers=headers)

# Create guest token for embedded dashboard
guest_token = create_guest_token([
    {'type': 'dashboard', 'id': 123}
], {'username': 'guest', 'first_name': 'Guest'})

# Core security settings
SECRET_KEY: str = "your-secret-key"
WTF_CSRF_ENABLED: bool = True
WTF_CSRF_TIME_LIMIT: int = 3600

# Session security
SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE: bool = True
SESSION_COOKIE_HTTPONLY: bool = True
SESSION_COOKIE_SAMESITE: str = "Lax"
PERMANENT_SESSION_LIFETIME: timedelta = timedelta(days=31)

# Password policies
AUTH_PASSWORD_COMPLEXITY_ENABLED: bool = True
AUTH_PASSWORD_MIN_LENGTH: int = 8
AUTH_PASSWORD_COMPLEXITY_VALIDATOR: Callable = None

# Login attempt limits
AUTH_RATE_LIMITED: bool = True
AUTH_RATE_LIMIT: str = "5 per 40 second"