Client Management

class Client:
    """Base class for all cloud storage clients."""
    
    def __init__(
        self,
        file_cache_mode: FileCacheMode = None,
        local_cache_dir: str = None,
        content_type_method = None
    ):
        """
        Initialize base client.
        
        Args:
            file_cache_mode: Cache management strategy
            local_cache_dir: Local directory for file caching
            content_type_method: Function to determine MIME types
        """
    
    @classmethod
    def get_default_client(cls):
        """
        Get the default client instance for this client type.
        
        Returns:
            Default client instance or None if not set
        """
    
    def set_as_default_client(self) -> None:
        """
        Set this client as the default for its type.
        
        All paths created without explicit client will use this client.
        """
    
    def CloudPath(
        self,
        cloud_path: str,
        *parts: str
    ) -> "CloudPath":
        """
        Create CloudPath associated with this client.
        
        Args:
            cloud_path: Cloud storage URI
            *parts: Additional path segments
            
        Returns:
            CloudPath instance using this client
        """
    
    def clear_cache(self) -> None:
        """
        Clear all cached files for this client.
        """
    
    @property
    def file_cache_mode(self) -> FileCacheMode:
        """Cache management mode for this client."""
    
    @property
    def content_type_method(self):
        """Function used to determine MIME types."""

from cloudpathlib import S3Client, GSClient, AzureBlobClient, CloudPath

# Configure default clients for each provider
s3_client = S3Client(
    aws_access_key_id="your-key",
    aws_secret_access_key="your-secret"
)
s3_client.set_as_default_client()

gs_client = GSClient(
    application_credentials="path/to/service-account.json"
)
gs_client.set_as_default_client()

azure_client = AzureBlobClient(
    connection_string="your-connection-string"
)
azure_client.set_as_default_client()

# Now all paths use the configured default clients
s3_path = CloudPath("s3://my-bucket/file.txt")     # Uses s3_client
gs_path = CloudPath("gs://my-bucket/file.txt")     # Uses gs_client
azure_path = CloudPath("az://my-container/file.txt") # Uses azure_client

# Check which client is being used
print(f"S3 client: {s3_path.client}")
print(f"GS client: {gs_path.client}")

# Configure different clients for different environments
prod_s3_client = S3Client(
    profile_name="production",
    file_cache_mode=FileCacheMode.persistent
)

dev_s3_client = S3Client(
    profile_name="development",
    file_cache_mode=FileCacheMode.tmp_dir
)

# Use specific clients explicitly
prod_path = CloudPath("s3://prod-bucket/data.txt", client=prod_s3_client)
dev_path = CloudPath("s3://dev-bucket/data.txt", client=dev_s3_client)

# Or create paths using client method
prod_path = prod_s3_client.CloudPath("s3://prod-bucket/data.txt")
dev_path = dev_s3_client.CloudPath("s3://dev-bucket/data.txt")

from cloudpathlib import FileCacheMode
import tempfile

# Configure client with persistent cache
cache_dir = "/tmp/cloudpathlib-cache"
client = S3Client(
    file_cache_mode=FileCacheMode.persistent,
    local_cache_dir=cache_dir
)

# Create paths with configured caching
path = CloudPath("s3://my-bucket/large-file.dat", client=client)

# File is cached locally on first access
content = path.read_bytes()  # Downloads and caches
content = path.read_bytes()  # Uses cached version

# Clear cache for specific client
client.clear_cache()

# Clear cache for specific path
path.clear_cache()

import mimetypes

def custom_content_type(path):
    """Custom MIME type detection."""
    mime_type, _ = mimetypes.guess_type(str(path))
    
    # Custom mappings
    if str(path).endswith('.parquet'):
        return 'application/octet-stream'
    elif str(path).endswith('.jsonl'):
        return 'application/x-jsonlines'
    
    return mime_type or 'application/octet-stream'

# Configure client with custom content type detection
client = S3Client(content_type_method=custom_content_type)

# Uploads will use custom MIME type detection
path = CloudPath("s3://my-bucket/data.parquet", client=client)
path.upload_from("local_data.parquet")  # Uses custom content type

class CloudClientFactory:
    """Factory for creating configured cloud clients."""
    
    @staticmethod
    def create_s3_client(environment="production"):
        """Create S3 client for specific environment."""
        if environment == "production":
            return S3Client(
                profile_name="prod",
                file_cache_mode=FileCacheMode.persistent,
                local_cache_dir="/var/cache/cloudpathlib"
            )
        elif environment == "development":
            return S3Client(
                profile_name="dev",
                file_cache_mode=FileCacheMode.tmp_dir
            )
        elif environment == "testing":
            return S3Client(
                no_sign_request=True,  # For public buckets
                file_cache_mode=FileCacheMode.close_file
            )
        else:
            raise ValueError(f"Unknown environment: {environment}")
    
    @staticmethod
    def create_gs_client(environment="production"):
        """Create GCS client for specific environment."""
        if environment == "production":
            return GSClient(
                project="my-prod-project",
                file_cache_mode=FileCacheMode.persistent
            )
        elif environment == "development":
            return GSClient(
                application_credentials="dev-service-account.json",
                file_cache_mode=FileCacheMode.tmp_dir
            )
        else:
            raise ValueError(f"Unknown environment: {environment}")

# Usage
import os
env = os.getenv("ENVIRONMENT", "development")

s3_client = CloudClientFactory.create_s3_client(env)
s3_client.set_as_default_client()

gs_client = CloudClientFactory.create_gs_client(env)
gs_client.set_as_default_client()

import os
from cloudpathlib import S3Client, GSClient, FileCacheMode

def configure_clients_from_env():
    """Configure clients from environment variables."""
    
    # S3 client configuration
    s3_config = {}
    if os.getenv("AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID"):
        s3_config["aws_access_key_id"] = os.getenv("AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID")
    if os.getenv("AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY"):
        s3_config["aws_secret_access_key"] = os.getenv("AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY")
    if os.getenv("AWS_PROFILE"):
        s3_config["profile_name"] = os.getenv("AWS_PROFILE")
    if os.getenv("S3_ENDPOINT_URL"):
        s3_config["endpoint_url"] = os.getenv("S3_ENDPOINT_URL")
    
    # Cache configuration
    cache_mode = os.getenv("CLOUDPATHLIB_CACHE_MODE", "tmp_dir")
    cache_dir = os.getenv("CLOUDPATHLIB_CACHE_DIR")
    
    s3_config["file_cache_mode"] = FileCacheMode(cache_mode)
    if cache_dir:
        s3_config["local_cache_dir"] = cache_dir
    
    s3_client = S3Client(**s3_config)
    s3_client.set_as_default_client()
    
    # GCS client configuration
    gs_config = {}
    if os.getenv("GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS"):
        gs_config["application_credentials"] = os.getenv("GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS")
    if os.getenv("GCP_PROJECT"):
        gs_config["project"] = os.getenv("GCP_PROJECT")
    
    gs_config["file_cache_mode"] = FileCacheMode(cache_mode)
    if cache_dir:
        gs_config["local_cache_dir"] = cache_dir
    
    gs_client = GSClient(**gs_config)
    gs_client.set_as_default_client()
    
    return s3_client, gs_client

# Configure from environment
s3_client, gs_client = configure_clients_from_env()

class TemporaryClient:
    """Context manager for temporary client configuration."""
    
    def __init__(self, client):
        self.client = client
        self.original_default = None
    
    def __enter__(self):
        # Save current default
        self.original_default = self.client.__class__.get_default_client()
        # Set temporary default
        self.client.set_as_default_client()
        return self.client
    
    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
        # Restore original default
        if self.original_default:
            self.original_default.set_as_default_client()

# Usage
temp_client = S3Client(profile_name="temporary-profile")

with TemporaryClient(temp_client):
    # Inside context, paths use temporary client
    path = CloudPath("s3://temp-bucket/file.txt")
    content = path.read_text()

# Outside context, original default is restored

def check_client_connectivity(client):
    """Check if client can connect to cloud service."""
    try:
        # Try to list a path (this tests authentication and connectivity)
        test_path = client.CloudPath("s3://test-bucket/")
        list(test_path.iterdir())
        return True, "Connection successful"
    except Exception as e:
        return False, str(e)

# Check all configured clients
clients = {
    "S3": S3Client.get_default_client(),
    "GCS": GSClient.get_default_client(),
    "Azure": AzureBlobClient.get_default_client()
}

for name, client in clients.items():
    if client:
        is_healthy, message = check_client_connectivity(client)
        print(f"{name} client: {'✓' if is_healthy else '✗'} {message}")
    else:
        print(f"{name} client: Not configured")

import tempfile
import shutil
from pathlib import Path

class ManagedCacheClient:
    """Client wrapper with advanced cache management."""
    
    def __init__(self, base_client, max_cache_size_mb=1000):
        self.base_client = base_client
        self.max_cache_size_mb = max_cache_size_mb
        self.cache_dir = Path(tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="cloudpath_"))
        
        # Configure client with managed cache directory
        self.base_client.local_cache_dir = str(self.cache_dir)
        self.base_client.file_cache_mode = FileCacheMode.persistent
    
    def get_cache_size_mb(self):
        """Get current cache size in MB."""
        total_size = sum(
            f.stat().st_size for f in self.cache_dir.rglob('*') if f.is_file()
        )
        return total_size / (1024 * 1024)
    
    def cleanup_old_files(self):
        """Remove old cached files if cache is too large."""
        current_size = self.get_cache_size_mb()
        
        if current_size <= self.max_cache_size_mb:
            return
        
        # Get all cached files with modification times
        cached_files = [
            (f, f.stat().st_mtime) for f in self.cache_dir.rglob('*') 
            if f.is_file()
        ]
        
        # Sort by modification time (oldest first)
        cached_files.sort(key=lambda x: x[1])
        
        # Remove files until under size limit
        for file_path, _ in cached_files:
            file_path.unlink()
            current_size = self.get_cache_size_mb()
            if current_size <= self.max_cache_size_mb:
                break
    
    def CloudPath(self, *args, **kwargs):
        """Create CloudPath and manage cache."""
        self.cleanup_old_files()
        return self.base_client.CloudPath(*args, **kwargs)
    
    def __del__(self):
        """Clean up temporary cache directory."""
        if self.cache_dir.exists():
            shutil.rmtree(self.cache_dir)

# Usage
base_s3_client = S3Client(profile_name="default")
managed_client = ManagedCacheClient(base_s3_client, max_cache_size_mb=500)

# Paths automatically benefit from managed caching
path = managed_client.CloudPath("s3://large-data-bucket/dataset.csv")
data = path.read_text()  # Cached with size management

class MultiRegionS3Client:
    """Wrapper for managing S3 clients across multiple regions."""
    
    def __init__(self, regions, credentials):
        self.clients = {}
        self.credentials = credentials
        
        for region in regions:
            self.clients[region] = S3Client(
                region_name=region,
                **credentials
            )
    
    def get_client_for_bucket(self, bucket_name):
        """Get appropriate client for bucket based on region."""
        # This would require boto3 to determine bucket region
        # Simplified example assumes bucket naming convention
        for region, client in self.clients.items():
            if region in bucket_name:
                return client
        
        # Return default region client
        return next(iter(self.clients.values()))
    
    def CloudPath(self, path_str):
        """Create CloudPath with region-appropriate client."""
        # Extract bucket name from path
        bucket_name = path_str.split('/')[2]  # s3://bucket/key
        client = self.get_client_for_bucket(bucket_name)
        return client.CloudPath(path_str)

# Usage
multi_region_client = MultiRegionS3Client(
    regions=["us-east-1", "us-west-2", "eu-west-1"],
    credentials={
        "aws_access_key_id": "your-key",
        "aws_secret_access_key": "your-secret"
    }
)

# Automatically uses appropriate regional client
us_path = multi_region_client.CloudPath("s3://us-east-1-bucket/data.txt")
eu_path = multi_region_client.CloudPath("s3://eu-west-1-bucket/data.txt")

import time
from collections import defaultdict

class MonitoringClient:
    """Client wrapper that tracks usage metrics."""
    
    def __init__(self, base_client):
        self.base_client = base_client
        self.metrics = defaultdict(int)
        self.operation_times = defaultdict(list)
    
    def CloudPath(self, *args, **kwargs):
        """Create monitored CloudPath."""
        self.metrics["paths_created"] += 1
        return MonitoredCloudPath(
            self.base_client.CloudPath(*args, **kwargs),
            self
        )
    
    def record_operation(self, operation, duration):
        """Record operation metrics."""
        self.metrics[f"{operation}_count"] += 1
        self.operation_times[operation].append(duration)
    
    def get_metrics(self):
        """Get collected metrics."""
        summary = dict(self.metrics)
        
        for operation, times in self.operation_times.items():
            if times:
                summary[f"{operation}_avg_time"] = sum(times) / len(times)
                summary[f"{operation}_total_time"] = sum(times)
        
        return summary

class MonitoredCloudPath:
    """CloudPath wrapper that tracks operations."""
    
    def __init__(self, path, monitor):
        self.path = path
        self.monitor = monitor
    
    def read_text(self):
        start_time = time.time()
        try:
            result = self.path.read_text()
            duration = time.time() - start_time
            self.monitor.record_operation("read_text", duration)
            return result
        except Exception:
            self.monitor.record_operation("read_text_error", 0)
            raise
    
    def write_text(self, data):
        start_time = time.time()
        try:
            result = self.path.write_text(data)
            duration = time.time() - start_time
            self.monitor.record_operation("write_text", duration)
            return result
        except Exception:
            self.monitor.record_operation("write_text_error", 0)
            raise
    
    # Delegate other methods to wrapped path
    def __getattr__(self, name):
        return getattr(self.path, name)

# Usage
base_client = S3Client()
monitoring_client = MonitoringClient(base_client)

# All operations are monitored
path = monitoring_client.CloudPath("s3://my-bucket/file.txt")
path.write_text("Hello, world!")
content = path.read_text()

# Check metrics
metrics = monitoring_client.get_metrics()
print(f"Operations performed: {metrics}")