DNS Names

def from_text(text, origin=None, idna_codec=None):
    """
    Parse a DNS name from text format.
    
    Args:
        text (str): Text representation of DNS name
        origin (dns.name.Name): Origin for relative names
        idna_codec (dns.name.IDNACodec): IDNA codec for internationalization
        
    Returns:
        dns.name.Name: Parsed DNS name
    """

def from_unicode(text, origin=None, idna_codec=None):
    """
    Parse a DNS name from Unicode text.
    
    Args:
        text (str): Unicode representation of DNS name
        origin (dns.name.Name): Origin for relative names  
        idna_codec (dns.name.IDNACodec): IDNA codec
        
    Returns:
        dns.name.Name: Parsed DNS name
    """

def from_wire(message, current):
    """
    Parse a DNS name from wire format.
    
    Args:
        message (bytes): Wire format message
        current (int): Current position in message
        
    Returns:
        tuple: (dns.name.Name, int) - name and new position
    """

class Name:
    """
    An immutable DNS name as a tuple of labels.
    
    A Name is an ordered sequence of labels. Names can be absolute 
    (ending with the root label) or relative.
    """
    
    def __init__(self, labels):
        """
        Initialize a Name from a sequence of labels.
        
        Args:
            labels (iterable): Sequence of label strings
        """
    
    def __str__(self):
        """Return text representation of name."""
    
    def __repr__(self):
        """Return detailed string representation."""
    
    def __hash__(self):
        """Return hash of name."""
    
    def __len__(self):
        """Return number of labels in name."""
    
    def __getitem__(self, index):
        """Get label by index."""
    
    def __add__(self, other):
        """Concatenate names."""
    
    def __eq__(self, other):
        """Test name equality."""
    
    def __ne__(self, other):
        """Test name inequality."""
    
    def __lt__(self, other):
        """Compare names for sorting."""
    
    def __le__(self, other):
        """Compare names for sorting."""
    
    def __gt__(self, other):
        """Compare names for sorting."""
    
    def __ge__(self, other):
        """Compare names for sorting."""

def to_text(omit_final_dot=False):
    """
    Convert name to text format.
    
    Args:
        omit_final_dot (bool): Omit trailing dot for absolute names
        
    Returns:
        str: Text representation of name
    """

def to_unicode(omit_final_dot=False, idna_codec=None):
    """
    Convert name to Unicode text format.
    
    Args:
        omit_final_dot (bool): Omit trailing dot for absolute names
        idna_codec (dns.name.IDNACodec): IDNA codec for decoding
        
    Returns:
        str: Unicode representation of name
    """

def to_wire(file=None, compress=None, origin=None):
    """
    Convert name to wire format.
    
    Args:
        file (file-like): File to write to (None returns bytes)
        compress (dict): Compression map for name compression
        origin (dns.name.Name): Origin for relative names
        
    Returns:
        bytes or None: Wire format bytes or None if file specified
    """

def to_digestable(origin=None):
    """
    Convert name to format suitable for cryptographic hashing.
    
    Args:
        origin (dns.name.Name): Origin for relative names
        
    Returns:
        bytes: Canonical wire format for hashing
    """

def is_absolute():
    """
    Check if name is absolute (ends with root label).
    
    Returns:
        bool: True if name is absolute
    """

def is_wild():
    """
    Check if name is a wildcard (starts with '*' label).
    
    Returns:
        bool: True if name is wildcard
    """

def is_subdomain(other):
    """
    Check if this name is a subdomain of another name.
    
    Args:
        other (dns.name.Name): Potential parent domain
        
    Returns:
        bool: True if this name is subdomain of other
    """

def is_superdomain(other):
    """
    Check if this name is a superdomain of another name.
    
    Args:
        other (dns.name.Name): Potential subdomain
        
    Returns:
        bool: True if this name is superdomain of other
    """

def concatenate(other):
    """
    Concatenate this name with another name.
    
    Args:
        other (dns.name.Name): Name to append
        
    Returns:
        dns.name.Name: Concatenated name
    """

def relativize(origin):
    """
    Make this name relative to the specified origin.
    
    Args:
        origin (dns.name.Name): Origin name
        
    Returns:
        dns.name.Name: Relativized name
    """

def derelativize(origin):
    """
    Make this name absolute using the specified origin.
    
    Args:
        origin (dns.name.Name): Origin name
        
    Returns:
        dns.name.Name: Absolute name
    """

def parent():
    """
    Get the parent domain of this name.
    
    Returns:
        dns.name.Name: Parent domain
        
    Raises:
        dns.name.NoParent: If name has no parent (root or empty)
    """

def split(depth):
    """
    Split name into prefix and suffix at specified depth.
    
    Args:
        depth (int): Split depth from right
        
    Returns:
        tuple: (prefix, suffix) as Name objects
    """

def canonicalize():
    """
    Convert name to DNSSEC canonical form (lowercase).
    
    Returns:
        dns.name.Name: Canonicalized name
    """

def fullcompare(other):
    """
    Perform full comparison with relationship information.
    
    Args:
        other (dns.name.Name): Name to compare with
        
    Returns:
        tuple: (order, labels_in_common, relationship)
            order: -1, 0, or 1 for less than, equal, greater than
            labels_in_common: number of common labels from right
            relationship: NAMERELN_* constant
    """

import dns.name

# Create names from text
name1 = dns.name.from_text('www.example.com.')  # Absolute
name2 = dns.name.from_text('www.example.com')   # Relative
name3 = dns.name.from_text('sub', dns.name.from_text('example.com.'))

print(f"Name 1: {name1}")
print(f"Is absolute: {name1.is_absolute()}")
print(f"Labels: {list(name1.labels)}")

# Name comparison
print(f"Equal: {name1 == name2.derelativize(dns.name.root)}")
print(f"Is subdomain: {name1.is_subdomain(dns.name.from_text('example.com.'))}")

import dns.name

# Work with name hierarchy
fqdn = dns.name.from_text('mail.server.example.com.')
parent = fqdn.parent()
grandparent = parent.parent()

print(f"FQDN: {fqdn}")
print(f"Parent: {parent}")  
print(f"Grandparent: {grandparent}")

# Split names
prefix, suffix = fqdn.split(2)
print(f"Prefix: {prefix}")    # mail.server
print(f"Suffix: {suffix}")    # example.com.

# Name concatenation
host = dns.name.from_text('www')
domain = dns.name.from_text('example.com.')
full_name = host.concatenate(domain)
print(f"Full name: {full_name}")

import dns.name

# Handle Unicode domain names
unicode_name = 'тест.example.com'
name = dns.name.from_unicode(unicode_name)

print(f"Unicode input: {unicode_name}")
print(f"ASCII representation: {name.to_text()}")
print(f"Back to Unicode: {name.to_unicode()}")

# Specify IDNA codec
name_2008 = dns.name.from_unicode(unicode_name, idna_codec=dns.name.IDNA_2008)
name_2003 = dns.name.from_unicode(unicode_name, idna_codec=dns.name.IDNA_2003)

import dns.name

# Wildcard names
wildcard = dns.name.from_text('*.example.com.')
print(f"Is wildcard: {wildcard.is_wild()}")

# Special names
root_name = dns.name.root
empty_name = dns.name.empty

print(f"Root name: '{root_name}'")
print(f"Empty name: '{empty_name}'")
print(f"Root is absolute: {root_name.is_absolute()}")

import dns.name

name = dns.name.from_text('Example.COM.')

# Convert to wire format
wire_data = name.to_wire()
print(f"Wire format length: {len(wire_data)} bytes")

# Parse from wire format  
parsed_name, pos = dns.name.from_wire(wire_data, 0)
print(f"Parsed name: {parsed_name}")

# Canonicalization for DNSSEC
canonical = name.canonicalize()
print(f"Original: {name}")
print(f"Canonical: {canonical}")

# Digestable format for hashing
digest_format = name.to_digestable()
print(f"Digest length: {len(digest_format)} bytes")

# Special name instances
root = Name(())              # The root name '.'
empty = Name(())             # The empty name

# Name relationship constants  
NAMERELN_NONE = 0           # No relationship
NAMERELN_SUPERDOMAIN = 1    # First is superdomain of second
NAMERELN_SUBDOMAIN = 2      # First is subdomain of second  
NAMERELN_EQUAL = 3          # Names are equal
NAMERELN_COMMONANCESTOR = 4 # Names have common ancestor

# IDNA codecs
IDNA_2003 = ...             # IDNA 2003 codec
IDNA_2008 = ...             # IDNA 2008 codec

class EmptyLabel(DNSException):
    """A DNS label is empty."""

class BadEscape(DNSException):
    """An invalid escape sequence was encountered."""

class BadPointer(DNSException):
    """A compression pointer points forward instead of backward."""

class BadLabelType(DNSException):
    """An unknown label type was encountered."""

class NeedAbsoluteNameOrOrigin(DNSException):
    """An absolute name or origin is required."""

class NameTooLong(DNSException):
    """A DNS name is longer than 255 octets."""

class LabelTooLong(DNSException):
    """A DNS label is longer than 63 octets."""

class AbsoluteConcatenation(DNSException):
    """An attempt was made to append to an absolute name."""

class NoParent(DNSException):
    """An attempt was made to get the parent of the root or empty name."""

class NoIDNA2008(DNSException):
    """IDNA 2008 processing is not available."""

class IDNAException(DNSException):
    """IDNA processing raised an exception."""