Context

CI workflows must be defensive. These patterns were learned from the v0.8.22 release disaster where invalid semver, wrong token types, missing retry logic, and draft releases caused a multi-hour outage. Both Drucker (CI/CD) and Trejo (Release Manager) carried this knowledge in their charters — now centralized here.

Patterns

Semver Validation Gate

Every publish workflow MUST validate version format before npm publish. 4-part versions (e.g., 0.8.21.4) are NOT valid semver — npm mangles them.

- name: Validate semver
  run: |
    VERSION="${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}"
    VERSION="${VERSION#v}"
    if ! npx semver "$VERSION" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
      echo "❌ Invalid semver: $VERSION"
      echo "Only 3-part versions (X.Y.Z) or prerelease (X.Y.Z-tag.N) are valid."
      exit 1
    fi
    echo "✅ Valid semver: $VERSION"

NPM Token Type Verification

NPM_TOKEN MUST be an Automation token, not a User token with 2FA:

• User tokens require OTP — CI can't provide it → EOTP error
• Create Automation tokens at npmjs.com → Settings → Access Tokens → Automation
• Verify before first publish in any workflow

Retry Logic for npm Registry Propagation

npm registry uses eventual consistency. After npm publish succeeds, the package may not be immediately queryable.

• Propagation: typically 5-30s, up to 2min in rare cases
• All verify steps: 5 attempts, 15-second intervals
• Log each attempt: "Attempt 1/5: Checking package..."
• Exit loop on success, fail after max attempts

- name: Verify package (with retry)
  run: |
    MAX_ATTEMPTS=5
    WAIT_SECONDS=15
    for attempt in $(seq 1 $MAX_ATTEMPTS); do
      echo "Attempt $attempt/$MAX_ATTEMPTS: Checking $PACKAGE@$VERSION..."
      if npm view "$PACKAGE@$VERSION" version > /dev/null 2>&1; then
        echo "✅ Package verified"
        exit 0
      fi
      [ $attempt -lt $MAX_ATTEMPTS ] && sleep $WAIT_SECONDS
    done
    echo "❌ Failed to verify after $MAX_ATTEMPTS attempts"
    exit 1

Draft Release Detection

Draft releases don't emit release: published event. Workflows MUST:

• Trigger on release: published (NOT created)
• If using workflow_dispatch: verify release is published via GitHub API before proceeding

Build Script Protection

Set SKIP_BUILD_BUMP=1 (or $env:SKIP_BUILD_BUMP = "1" on Windows) before ANY release build. bump-build.mjs is for dev builds ONLY — it silently mutates versions.

Known Failure Modes (v0.8.22 Incident)

Anti-Patterns

• ❌ Publishing without semver validation gate
• ❌ Single-shot verification without retry
• ❌ Hard-coded secrets in workflows
• ❌ Silent CI failures — every error needs actionable output with remediation
• ❌ Assuming npm publish is instantly queryable