SEC EDGAR Filing Analysis

# Company filings search
# https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK={ticker}&type={filing_type}

# Example: Apple 10-K filings
url = "https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=AAPL&type=10-K&dateb=&owner=include&count=10"

# EDGAR full-text search (EFTS)
# https://efts.sec.gov/LATEST/search-index?q={query}&dateRange=custom&startdt={start}&enddt={end}

import yfinance as yf
ticker = yf.Ticker("AAPL")

# Financial statements (derived from 10-K/10-Q)
income = ticker.financials           # Annual income statement
income_q = ticker.quarterly_financials  # Quarterly
balance = ticker.balance_sheet       # Balance sheet
cashflow = ticker.cashflow           # Cash flow statement

# Insider transactions (derived from Form 4)
insider = ticker.insider_transactions

# Institutional holders (derived from 13F)
institutions = ticker.institutional_holders
major = ticker.major_holders

# Simplified tone scoring
positive_words = ["growth", "improvement", "strong", "exceeded", "momentum", "opportunity"]
negative_words = ["challenging", "decline", "uncertainty", "headwind", "pressure", "risk"]
cautious_words = ["moderate", "cautious", "prudent", "measured", "selective"]

# Count frequency change vs prior filing
# Rising negative word count = deteriorating outlook
# Rising cautious words = management hedging

# High-priority 8-K events
if item == "4.02":  # Restatement
    signal = "strong_negative"  # Restatements destroy trust
    action = "review_all_prior_financials"
elif item == "2.02" and surprise_direction == "negative":
    signal = "negative"  # Earnings pre-announcement miss
elif item == "5.02" and role in ["CEO", "CFO"]:
    signal = "uncertainty"  # C-suite departure = governance risk
elif item == "1.01" and event_type == "acquisition":
    signal = "evaluate"  # M&A: acquirer usually -2 to -5%, target +20-40%

# Insider signal scoring
def score_insider_activity(transactions, lookback_days=90):
    buys = [t for t in transactions if t.type == "Purchase" and t.days_ago <= lookback_days]
    sells = [t for t in transactions if t.type == "Sale" and t.days_ago <= lookback_days]

    buy_value = sum(t.value for t in buys)
    sell_value = sum(t.value for t in sells)

    # Filter out 10b5-1 plan sales
    organic_sells = [s for s in sells if not s.is_10b5_1]

    if len(buys) >= 3 and buy_value > 1_000_000:
        return "strong_bullish"
    elif buy_value > sell_value * 2:
        return "bullish"
    elif len(organic_sells) >= 3 and sell_value > 5_000_000:
        return "bearish_watch"
    else:
        return "neutral"

# 13F change detection
def analyze_13f_changes(current_holders, prior_holders):
    new_positions = current_holders - prior_holders  # New entries
    closed_positions = prior_holders - current_holders  # Exits

    # Flag: multiple Tier 1 funds initiating
    tier1_new = [h for h in new_positions if h.tier == 1]
    if len(tier1_new) >= 2:
        signal = "strong_smart_money_accumulation"

    return signal

filing_score = {
    "financial_health": 0,       # -2 to +2: based on 10-K/10-Q financials
    "management_tone": 0,        # -2 to +2: MD&A sentiment shift
    "risk_factor_change": 0,     # -2 to +2: new risks vs resolved risks
    "insider_activity": 0,       # -2 to +2: net insider buying/selling
    "institutional_flow": 0,     # -2 to +2: 13F position changes
    "event_catalyst": 0,         # -2 to +2: recent 8-K impact
}
# Total range: -12 to +12
# > +6: strong fundamental bullish
# +2 to +6: mild bullish
# -2 to +2: neutral
# < -2: fundamental caution

## SEC Filing Analysis — [Ticker]

### Filing Summary
- **Latest 10-K/10-Q**: [date], [period]
- **Recent 8-K events**: [list material events]
- **Insider activity (90d)**: [net buy/sell summary]

### Financial Health
- Revenue trend: [accelerating / stable / decelerating]
- Margin trajectory: [expanding / stable / compressing]
- FCF conversion: [strong / adequate / weak]
- Balance sheet: [net cash / moderate leverage / high leverage]

### MD&A Tone Shift
- vs prior filing: [more optimistic / unchanged / more cautious]
- Key language changes: [specific quotes or paraphrases]

### Risk Factor Changes
- New risks: [list any new risk factors added]
- Intensified risks: [list risks with stronger language]
- Resolved risks: [list removed risk factors]

### Insider & Institutional Signals
- Insider net activity: [cluster buy / neutral / cluster sell]
- Institutional positioning: [accumulation / stable / distribution]

### Composite Signal
| Dimension | Score (-2~+2) | Basis |
|-----------|---------------|-------|
| Financial health | +1 | Revenue accelerating, margins stable |
| Management tone | -1 | More cautious language in MD&A |
| ... | ... | ... |

### Investment Implication
- Direction: [bullish / bearish / neutral]
- Confidence: [high / medium / low]
- Key monitoring: [next earnings date, upcoming 8-K triggers]