Repository interface

Concrete repository class

Service layer class

Constructor injection

Specific column selection

N+1 prevention

Query param filtering

Pagination params

Sort param

Success response envelope

Error response envelope

Custom error class

ApiError prototype fix

Centralized error handler

ZodError handling

Error response envelope

Bearer token extraction

rolePermissions record

requirePermission HOF

User passed to handler

Exponential backoff delays

Default maxRetries = 3

Middleware HOF composition

Forbidden response

Cache check before DB

Cache TTL 300 seconds

Cache miss populates

Cache invalidation method

Rate limiter sliding window

Rate limiter returns boolean

Rate limit 429 response

Non-blocking job enqueue

Queue processes sequentially

Structured log format

Log includes timestamp

Log includes level

Log includes context