create_async_engine used (not sync)

async_sessionmaker used (not sync sessionmaker)

expire_on_commit=False on async sessionmaker

pool_pre_ping enabled

Pool size and overflow configured

Mapped types used (not Column)

select() API used (not query())

back_populates used (not backref)

cascade='all, delete-orphan' on User.notifications

Database URL from environment

Async session dependency uses async with

DeclarativeBase used (not declarative_base)

Mapped types used (not Column)

expire_on_commit=False

Pool configuration complete

Eager loading on get_published_posts

cascade='all, delete-orphan' on parent relationships

ondelete='CASCADE' on ForeignKeys

back_populates used (not backref)

select() API used

Database URL from environment

Session yield/finally cleanup

Bulk insert used (not individual add in loop)

IntegrityError caught for duplicate SKU

pool_pre_ping enabled

Pool size and overflow configured

Mapped types used (not Column)

Session yield/finally cleanup

No raw SQL f-strings

Database URL from environment

DeclarativeBase used

expire_on_commit=False

back_populates on relationships

Mapped types used (not Column)

back_populates on all relationships

cascade='all, delete-orphan' on parent relationships

IntegrityError caught in add_product

Eager loading in get_product_detail

select() API used (not db.query)

pool_pre_ping enabled

Session yield/finally cleanup

Foreign key columns indexed

ondelete='CASCADE' on ForeignKeys

expire_on_commit=False

pool_pre_ping enabled

Pool size and overflow configured

Database URL from environment variable

expire_on_commit=False on sessionmaker

Session uses yield with finally for cleanup

DeclarativeBase used (not declarative_base)

Mapped types used (not Column)

Eager loading on get_user_with_orders

cascade='all, delete-orphan' on User.orders

ondelete='CASCADE' on ForeignKey

back_populates used (not backref)

Foreign key columns indexed