tessl/pypi-pyglm
OpenGL Mathematics (GLM) library for Python providing comprehensive vector and matrix manipulation capabilities for graphics programming.
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PyGLM
OpenGL Mathematics (GLM) library for Python providing comprehensive vector and matrix manipulation capabilities specifically designed for graphics programming, 3D graphics applications, and physics computations. PyGLM is a Python extension written in C++ that brings the power of the OpenGL Mathematics library to Python with GLSL-compatible operations and high performance.
Package Information
- Package Name: pyglm
- Language: Python
- Installation:
pip install pyglm - Documentation: https://github.com/Zuzu-Typ/PyGLM/wiki
- License: zlib/libpng
Core Imports
from pyglm import glmTyping support (optional):
from pyglm import glm_typingBasic Usage
from pyglm import glm
# Create 3D vectors
v1 = glm.vec3(1, 2, 3)
v2 = glm.vec3(4, 5, 6)
# Vector operations
v3 = v1 + v2 # Vector addition
cross_product = glm.cross(v1, v2) # Cross product
dot_product = glm.dot(v1, v2) # Dot product
normalized = glm.normalize(v1) # Normalize vector
# Create 4x4 identity matrix
matrix = glm.mat4()
# Transformation matrices
angle = glm.radians(45) # Convert degrees to radians
rotation_matrix = glm.rotate(matrix, angle, glm.vec3(0, 0, 1))
translation_matrix = glm.translate(matrix, glm.vec3(1, 2, 3))
scaling_matrix = glm.scale(matrix, glm.vec3(2, 2, 2))
# Quaternions for rotations
axis = glm.vec3(0, 0, 1)
angle = glm.radians(45)
quat = glm.angleAxis(angle, axis)
quat_matrix = glm.mat4_cast(quat)
# Projection matrices for 3D graphics
projection = glm.perspective(glm.radians(45), 16.0/9.0, 0.1, 100.0)
view = glm.lookAt(glm.vec3(0, 0, 3), glm.vec3(0, 0, 0), glm.vec3(0, 1, 0))Architecture
PyGLM provides a comprehensive linear algebra library structured around several key components:
- Vector Types: Comprehensive collection of vectors with different precisions and component counts (1-4 components) for boolean, integer (signed/unsigned), and floating-point (32/64-bit) data
- Matrix Types: Full range of matrices from 2×2 to 4×4 in various precisions, supporting both row-major and column-major operations
- Quaternions: Efficient 3D rotation representation with seamless matrix conversion
- Mathematical Functions: Complete GLSL-compatible function library covering trigonometry, exponentials, interpolation, and geometric operations
- Transformation System: High-level functions for creating projection, view, and model transformation matrices common in 3D graphics
- Type System: Extensive type aliases and polymorphic function support for flexible usage patterns
The library maintains compatibility with OpenGL's GLSL shader language while providing Python-friendly interfaces including operator overloading, buffer protocol support, and seamless integration with numpy arrays.
Capabilities
Vector Operations
Comprehensive vector mathematics including creation, arithmetic, geometric operations, and comparison functions. Supports vectors from 1 to 4 components in multiple precisions (boolean, 8/16/32/64-bit integers, 32/64-bit floats).
# Vector types (examples - full list includes all precision variants)
class vec1: ...
class vec2: ...
class vec3: ...
class vec4: ...
class dvec2: ... # Double precision
class ivec3: ... # Integer
class uvec4: ... # Unsigned integer
class bvec2: ... # Boolean
# Geometric operations
def dot(x, y): ...
def cross(x, y): ...
def normalize(x): ...
def length(x): ...
def distance(x, y): ...
def reflect(I, N): ...
def refract(I, N, eta): ...Matrix Operations
Complete matrix mathematics including creation, arithmetic, linear algebra operations, and transformation utilities. Supports matrices from 2×2 to 4×4 in multiple precisions.
# Matrix types (examples - full list includes all precision variants)
class mat2: ... # 2×2 matrix
class mat3: ... # 3×3 matrix
class mat4: ... # 4×4 matrix
class dmat3: ... # Double precision 3×3
class imat4x3: ... # Integer 4×3 matrix
# Matrix operations
def transpose(m): ...
def inverse(m): ...
def determinant(m): ...
def matrixCompMult(x, y): ...
def outerProduct(c, r): ...Transformation Functions
High-level transformation matrix creation for 3D graphics including projection, view, and model transformations. Essential for OpenGL and DirectX applications.
# Projection matrices
def perspective(fovy, aspect, near, far): ...
def perspectiveFov(fov, width, height, near, far): ...
def ortho(left, right, bottom, top, near, far): ...
def frustum(left, right, bottom, top, near, far): ...
# View matrices
def lookAt(eye, center, up): ...
def lookAtLH(eye, center, up): ...
def lookAtRH(eye, center, up): ...
# Model transformations
def translate(m, v): ...
def rotate(m, angle, axis): ...
def scale(m, v): ...Quaternion Operations
Efficient 3D rotation representation with comprehensive quaternion mathematics, conversions, and interpolation functions.
# Quaternion types
class quat: ... # Float precision
class dquat: ... # Double precision
# Quaternion operations
def angleAxis(angle, axis): ...
def slerp(x, y, a): ...
def conjugate(q): ...
def mat4_cast(q): ...
def quat_cast(m): ...
def eulerAngles(q): ...Mathematical Functions
Complete GLSL-compatible mathematical function library covering trigonometry, exponentials, common functions, and interpolation with support for both scalar and vector inputs.
# Basic math functions
def abs(x): ...
def min(x, y): ...
def max(x, y): ...
def clamp(x, minVal, maxVal): ...
def mix(x, y, a): ...
def smoothstep(edge0, edge1, x): ...
# Trigonometric functions
def sin(angle): ...
def cos(angle): ...
def tan(angle): ...
def radians(degrees): ...
def degrees(radians): ...
# Exponential functions
def pow(x, y): ...
def exp(x): ...
def log(x): ...
def sqrt(x): ...Random and Noise Functions
Random number generation and noise functions for procedural content generation and simulation applications.
def linearRand(min, max): ...
def gaussRand(mean, deviation): ...
def circularRand(radius): ...
def sphericalRand(radius): ...
def perlin(p): ...
def simplex(p): ...Utility and Conversion Functions
Type conversion, memory access, testing utilities, and packing/unpacking functions for interfacing with graphics APIs and external libraries.
def value_ptr(x): ...
def sizeof(type): ...
def make_vec3(ptr): ...
def packHalf2x16(v): ...
def unpackHalf2x16(p): ...
def floatBitsToInt(value): ...
def isinf(x): ...
def isnan(x): ...Extension Functions
Advanced mathematical and utility functions that extend PyGLM's core capabilities with specialized algorithms for graphics programming, procedural generation, and scientific computing.
# Color space conversion
def convertLinearToSRGB(color): ...
def convertSRGBToLinear(color): ...
# Rounding extensions
def ceilMultiple(value, multiple): ...
def ceilPowerOfTwo(value): ...
def floorPowerOfTwo(value): ...
# Norm functions
def l1Norm(vec): ...
def l2Norm(vec): ...
def lMaxNorm(vec): ...
# Coordinate conversion
def euclidean(polar): ...
def polar(euclidean): ...
# Projection functions
def project(obj, model, proj, viewport): ...
def unProject(win, model, proj, viewport): ...
# Euler angles
def euler(angles): ...
def eulerAngles(quat): ...Types
Core Types
# Scalar type aliases
bool_ = ctypes.c_bool
int8 = ctypes.c_byte
int16 = ctypes.c_short
int32 = ctypes.c_long
int64 = ctypes.c_longlong
uint8 = ctypes.c_ubyte
uint16 = ctypes.c_ushort
uint32 = ctypes.c_ulong
uint64 = ctypes.c_ulonglong
float32 = ctypes.c_float
float64 = ctypes.c_doubleAll vector, matrix, and quaternion types support:
- Multiple constructor overloads for flexible initialization
- Array-style indexing with
[i]access and assignment - Python iteration protocol with
forloops - Complete arithmetic operator overloading (
+,-,*,/, etc.) - Comparison operators (
==,!=,<,<=,>,>=) - Built-in functions (
len(),abs(), etc.) - Buffer protocol support for numpy integration
- Conversion methods (
to_list(),to_tuple(),to_bytes())
Constants
# Mathematical constants
e = 2.71828... # Euler's number
euler = 2.71828... # Alias for e
pi = 3.14159... # Pi
half_pi = 1.57079... # π/2
quarter_pi = 0.78539... # π/4
two_pi = 6.28318... # 2π
three_over_two_pi = 4.71238... # 3π/2
one_over_pi = 0.31830... # 1/π
two_over_pi = 0.63661... # 2/π
four_over_pi = 1.27323... # 4/π
one_over_two_pi = 0.15915... # 1/(2π)
# Root constants
root_two = 1.41421... # √2
root_three = 1.73205... # √3
root_five = 2.23606... # √5
root_pi = 1.77245... # √π
root_half_pi = 1.25331... # √(π/2)
root_ln_four = 1.32934... # √(ln(4))
root_two_pi = 2.50662... # √(2π)
one_over_root_two = 0.70710... # 1/√2
two_over_root_pi = 1.12837... # 2/√π
# Logarithmic constants
ln_two = 0.69314... # ln(2)
ln_ten = 2.30258... # ln(10)
ln_ln_two = -0.36651... # ln(ln(2))
# Other mathematical constants
golden_ratio = 1.61803... # φ (golden ratio)
epsilon = 1.19209e-07 # Machine epsilon
zero = 0.0 # Zero constant
one = 1.0 # One constant
third = 0.33333... # 1/3
two_thirds = 0.66666... # 2/3Install with Tessl CLI
npx tessl i tessl/pypi-pyglm