Use when an epic or release is split into testable areas and someone must commit test capacity. Produces a PERT three-point estimate as ranges, with a named assumptions ledger and a split across developer, automation and exploratory work; also classifies a change set's shape from git history.
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Deep reference for the test-effort-estimation SKILL.md. The row-by-row PERT arithmetic behind the "Promo codes at checkout" epic, using the formulas from the spine (E = (a + 4m + b) / 6, SD = (b - a) / 6). The filled output document is in effort-estimate-output-template.md.
Epic: Promo codes at checkout (stories 12 to 15). Change-shape distribution
supplied by the classifier: 30 percent service-layer, 25 percent ui-heavy,
25 percent pure-logic, 20 percent data-heavy. Three-point values gathered in
a two-round Wideband Delphi with three estimators.
Row arithmetic:
Checkout flow (service): E = (4 + 32 + 16)/6 = 8.7 SD = (16 - 4)/6 = 2.0
Checkout flow (UI/E2E): E = (2 + 20 + 10)/6 = 5.3 SD = (10 - 2)/6 = 1.3
Discount-code API (service):E = (2 + 16 + 8)/6 = 4.3 SD = ( 8 - 2)/6 = 1.0
Discount rules (unit): E = (3 + 20 + 9)/6 = 5.3 SD = ( 9 - 3)/6 = 1.0
Promo schema (data checks): E = (2 + 24 + 14)/6 = 6.7 SD = (14 - 2)/6 = 2.0
Checkout (exploratory): E = (2 + 12 + 6)/6 = 3.3 SD = ( 6 - 2)/6 = 0.7Aggregation:
E_total = 8.7 + 5.3 + 4.3 + 5.3 + 6.7 + 3.3 = 33.6 h
SD_total = sqrt(2.0^2 + 1.3^2 + 1.0^2 + 1.0^2 + 2.0^2 + 0.7^2)
= sqrt(4.00 + 1.69 + 1.00 + 1.00 + 4.00 + 0.49)
= sqrt(12.18) = 3.5 h
Independent-rows range: 30.1 to 37.1 h
Fully-correlated bound: sum(SD) = 8.0 -> 25.6 to 41.6 hThe two ranges are reported together because assumption A2 (staging
availability) is shared by four of the six rows, so the independence assumption
behind SD_total is known to be imperfect
(Brunel University, Network analysis: uncertain completion times).