Charm Log v2

Add structured, leveled, colored logging to a Go CLI or TUI with Charm Log v2, including JSON and logfmt output, slog adapters, and plain-text log files from inside Bubble Tea.

Import as "charm.land/log/v2". Go blocks are trimmed from complete programs that build against the pinned modules.

If the project's go.mod still requires github.com/charmbracelet/log (pre-v2), the v2 APIs here do not apply. Use go doc against the project's version and keep its import paths unless the user asks to migrate.

Workflow

1. Pick the logger: the package level log functions for a small CLI, or log.NewWithOptions(w, log.Options{...}) for a dedicated one.
2. Set the level (log.ParseLevel for config text), the formatter, and the writer when you create the logger: the color profile comes from that writer.
3. Log a message followed by key value pairs in even numbers; use With for pairs every line should carry.
4. Inside a Bubble Tea program, send logs to a file with tea.LogToFileWith. For code that logs through log/slog, hand it slog.New(logger).
5. Run it and check level filtering, the output stream, and structured output with its consumer; in a TUI, confirm logs reach the file and not the screen. On a failure, compare against Mistakes below.

Basics

The package level logger writes to stderr at info level with timestamps (see the basic example):

// examples/charmed-log/basic/main.go
log.Info("starting", "project", "site")
log.Debug("hidden at info level")
log.Warn("disk almost full", "free", "1.2G")
log.Error("check failed", "err", errors.New("invalid configuration"))
log.Print("no level prefix, always printed")

log.SetLevel(log.DebugLevel)
log.SetReportCaller(true)

Fatal logs and calls os.Exit(1). Print ignores the level. A dedicated logger:

// examples/charmed-log/basic/main.go
logger := log.NewWithOptions(os.Stderr, log.Options{
    ReportTimestamp: true,
    TimeFormat:      time.Kitchen,
    Prefix:          "tasks",
    Level:           log.InfoLevel,
})

projectLog := logger.With("project", "site", "task", "build")   // child with fixed pairs
projectLog.Info("completed")
logger.Infof("%d of %d done", 3, 6)

log.New(w) has no timestamp, unlike the package logger; call SetReportTimestamp(true) for the same look.

Read references/api.md for the full setter list, levels, caller and time options, context helpers, and every Styles field.

Formatters

The structured example includes formatters and custom styles. Run it from a repository checkout:

cd examples
go run ./charmed-log/structured

// examples/charmed-log/structured/main.go
jsonLogger := log.NewWithOptions(os.Stdout, log.Options{Formatter: log.JSONFormatter, ReportTimestamp: true})
jsonLogger.Info("json line", "project", "api", "ok", true)

fmtLogger := log.New(os.Stdout)
fmtLogger.SetFormatter(log.LogfmtFormatter)

TextFormatter (default, colored, human oriented), JSONFormatter, and LogfmtFormatter. Colors are chosen from the output writer's profile, detected once when the logger is created: a logger built on a file writes plain text. Force a profile with SetColorProfile(colorprofile.TrueColor) from github.com/charmbracelet/colorprofile.

Styles

log.DefaultStyles() returns a *Styles of Lip Gloss v2 values with a style per element, a Levels map, and Keys and Values maps for per field overrides:

// examples/charmed-log/structured/main.go
styles := log.DefaultStyles()
styles.Levels[log.ErrorLevel] = lipgloss.NewStyle().
    SetString("ERROR").
    Padding(0, 1).
    Background(lipgloss.Color("204")).
    Foreground(lipgloss.Color("0"))
styles.Keys["err"] = lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("204"))
styles.Values["err"] = lipgloss.NewStyle().Bold(true)

styled := log.New(os.Stderr)
styled.SetStyles(styles)

SetString on the level style changes the label text.

slog and the standard library

A *log.Logger is a slog.Handler, so libraries that log through log/slog can be pointed at it. It also produces a standard *log.Logger for APIs that demand one (see the adapter example):

// examples/charmed-log/slog/main.go
handler := log.NewWithOptions(os.Stderr, log.Options{ReportTimestamp: true, Level: log.DebugLevel})

sl := slog.New(handler)
sl.Info("from slog", "project", "worker")
// Only code that receives sl logs through Charm. Package level calls such
// as slog.Info still use slog's own default until slog.SetDefault(sl).

std := handler.StandardLog(log.StandardLogOptions{ForceLevel: log.WarnLevel})
std.Println("from the standard logger, forced to warn")

slog.New(handler) builds one logger; pass it to the code that should use it. Redirecting every package level slog call in the process is a separate, global decision: slog.SetDefault(sl), which also captures the standard library log package. Do that in main, not in a library.

Inside Bubble Tea

The renderer owns the terminal, so logs must not go to stdout or stderr while the program runs. Any other writer works (a file, an in memory buffer the app shows in a pane, a remote sink); a file is the usual choice because you can tail it. Bubble Tea's LogToFileWith accepts the Charm logger because it implements SetOutput and SetPrefix (see the complete Bubble Tea example):

// examples/charmed-log/tea/main.go
f, err := tea.LogToFileWith("debug.log", "tui", log.Default())
if err != nil {
    fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, err)
    os.Exit(1)
}
defer f.Close()
// log.Default() detected its profile for stderr; match it to the file.
log.SetColorProfile(colorprofile.Detect(f, os.Environ()))
log.SetLevel(log.DebugLevel)
log.SetReportTimestamp(true)

// Inside Update, where msg is a tea.Msg:
if k, ok := msg.(tea.KeyPressMsg); ok {
    log.Debug("key", "key", k.String())
}

The program creates debug.log in its working directory. Run tail -f debug.log from that directory in a second terminal.

Migrating from v1

These skills are pinned to and verified against v2.0.1. The v2.0.1 upgrade guide covers the changes. termenv and go-osc52 are no longer dependencies. After migrating, run your application's tests, fix failures, and rerun, then do the checks in step 5 of the workflow.

Mistakes that cost time

• Odd numbers of key value arguments. The last key prints with ErrMissingValue as its value.
• Fatal inside library code. It exits the process; return the error.
• Logging to stderr from inside a TUI and getting garbage on screen. Use the file approach above.
• Calling SetOutput(file) on a logger created for a terminal. It swaps the writer but keeps the old color profile, so the file fills with ANSI escapes. Create the logger on the file, or set the profile with SetColorProfile as in the Bubble Tea example.
• Mixing v1 and v2 Lip Gloss styles when customizing Styles. The types are different packages and the compile error names both.