Agent skills for iOS, iPadOS, Swift, SwiftUI, and modern Apple framework development.
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Implement in-app purchases, subscriptions, paywalls, and StoreKit testing using
StoreKit 2. Use the modern Swift-based Product, Transaction,
PurchaseAction, StoreView, and SubscriptionStoreView APIs. Avoid original
In-App Purchase APIs (SKProduct, SKPaymentQueue) unless legacy OS support
requires them.
StoreKit views initiate purchases automatically. For custom controls, use
PurchaseAction in SwiftUI, purchase(confirmIn:options:) in UIKit/AppKit, and
product.purchase(options:) on watchOS.
| Type | Enum Case | Behavior |
|---|---|---|
| Consumable | .consumable | Used once, can be repurchased (gems, coins) |
| Non-consumable | .nonConsumable | Purchased once permanently (premium unlock) |
| Auto-renewable | .autoRenewable | Recurring billing with automatic renewal |
| Non-renewing | .nonRenewing | Time-limited access without automatic renewal |
Define product IDs as constants. Fetch products with Product.products(for:).
import StoreKit
enum ProductID {
static let premium = "com.myapp.premium"
static let gems100 = "com.myapp.gems100"
static let monthlyPlan = "com.myapp.monthly"
static let yearlyPlan = "com.myapp.yearly"
static let all: [String] = [premium, gems100, monthlyPlan, yearlyPlan]
}
let products = try await Product.products(for: ProductID.all)
for product in products {
print("\(product.displayName): \(product.displayPrice)")
}Prefer StoreKit views for standard paywalls because they initiate purchases,
restore purchases, and display policy controls. For custom SwiftUI purchase
buttons, prefer PurchaseAction from the environment. Use direct
product.purchase(options:) for watchOS, and use purchase(confirmIn:options:)
for UIKit or AppKit confirmation. Always handle every PurchaseResult, verify
before access, deliver durably, then finish.
@Environment(\.purchase) private var purchase
func purchaseProduct(_ product: Product) async throws {
let result = try await purchase(product, options: [
.appAccountToken(userAccountToken)
])
switch result {
case .success(let verification):
let transaction = try checkVerified(verification)
await deliverContent(for: transaction)
await transaction.finish()
case .userCancelled:
break
case .pending:
// Ask to Buy or deferred approval: show pending UI, no unlock yet.
showPendingApprovalMessage()
@unknown default:
break
}
}
func checkVerified<T>(_ result: VerificationResult<T>) throws -> T {
switch result {
case .verified(let value): return value
case .unverified(_, let error): throw error
}
}Start at app launch, not when a paywall appears. Catches purchases from other devices, Family Sharing changes, renewals, Ask to Buy approvals, refunds, revocations, and unfinished transactions Apple emits once immediately after launch. Keep the task retained for the app lifetime.
@main
struct MyApp: App {
private let transactionListener: Task<Void, Never>
init() {
transactionListener = Self.listenForTransactions()
}
var body: some Scene {
WindowGroup { ContentView() }
}
static func listenForTransactions() -> Task<Void, Never> {
Task(priority: .background) {
for await result in Transaction.updates {
guard case .verified(let transaction) = result else { continue }
await StoreManager.shared.updateEntitlements()
await transaction.finish()
}
}
}
}Transaction.currentEntitlements emits non-consumables, active or grace-period
auto-renewable subscriptions, and the latest non-renewing subscription
transaction—including finished ones. It excludes consumables and refunded or
revoked products. Track consumable fulfillment separately, and apply the app's
expiration policy to non-renewing subscriptions before granting access.
@Observable
@MainActor
class StoreManager {
static let shared = StoreManager()
var purchasedProductIDs: Set<String> = []
var isPremium: Bool { purchasedProductIDs.contains(ProductID.premium) }
func updateEntitlements() async {
var purchased = Set<String>()
for await result in Transaction.currentEntitlements {
if case .verified(let transaction) = result,
transaction.revocationDate == nil {
if transaction.productType == .nonRenewing,
transaction.expirationDate.map({ $0 <= .now }) ?? true {
continue
}
purchased.insert(transaction.productID)
}
}
purchasedProductIDs = purchased
}
}struct PremiumGatedView: View {
@State private var state: EntitlementTaskState<VerificationResult<Transaction>?> = .loading
var body: some View {
Group {
switch state {
case .loading: ProgressView()
case .failure: PaywallView()
case .success(.some(.verified(let transaction))) where transaction.revocationDate == nil:
PremiumContentView()
case .success:
PaywallView()
}
}
.currentEntitlementTask(for: ProductID.premium) { state in
self.state = state
}
}
}Built-in SwiftUI view for subscription paywalls. Handles product loading, purchase UI, and restore purchases automatically.
SubscriptionStoreView(groupID: "YOUR_GROUP_ID")
.subscriptionStoreControlStyle(.prominentPicker)
.subscriptionStoreButtonLabel(.multiline)
.storeButton(.visible, for: .restorePurchases)
.storeButton(.visible, for: .redeemCode)
.subscriptionStorePolicyDestination(url: termsURL, for: .termsOfService)
.subscriptionStorePolicyDestination(url: privacyURL, for: .privacyPolicy)
.onInAppPurchaseCompletion { product, result in
if case .success(.success(.verified(let transaction))) = result {
await deliverContent(for: transaction)
await transaction.finish()
}
}Use the container background and header patterns in SubscriptionStoreView Control Styles.
Use SubscriptionOptionGroup, SubscriptionOptionSection, or
SubscriptionPeriodGroupSet to organize iOS 18+ options; see
Subscription Group Management.
Merchandises multiple products with localized names, prices, and purchase buttons.
StoreView(ids: [ProductID.gems100, ProductID.premium], prefersPromotionalIcon: true)
.productViewStyle(.large)
.storeButton(.visible, for: .restorePurchases)
.onInAppPurchaseCompletion { product, result in
if case .success(.success(.verified(let transaction))) = result {
await deliverContent(for: transaction)
await transaction.finish()
}
}ProductView(id: ProductID.premium) { iconPhase in
switch iconPhase {
case .success(let image): image.resizable().scaledToFit()
case .loading: ProgressView()
default: Image(systemName: "star.fill")
}
}
.productViewStyle(.large)func checkSubscriptionActive(groupID: String) async throws -> Bool {
let statuses = try await Product.SubscriptionInfo.status(for: groupID)
for status in statuses {
guard case .verified = status.renewalInfo,
case .verified = status.transaction else { continue }
if status.state == .subscribed || status.state == .inGracePeriod {
return true
}
}
return false
}| State | Meaning |
|---|---|
.subscribed | Active subscription |
.expired | Subscription has expired |
.inBillingRetryPeriod | Payment failed, Apple is retrying |
.inGracePeriod | Payment failed but access continues during grace period |
.revoked | Apple refunded or revoked the subscription |
StoreKit 2 handles restoration via Transaction.currentEntitlements. Add a
restore button or call AppStore.sync() explicitly.
func restorePurchases() async throws {
try await AppStore.sync()
await StoreManager.shared.updateEntitlements()
}On store views: .storeButton(.visible, for: .restorePurchases)
Verify the legitimacy of the app installation. Use for business model changes or detecting tampered installations (iOS 16+).
func verifyAppPurchase() async {
do {
let result = try await AppTransaction.shared
switch result {
case .verified(let appTransaction):
let originalVersion = appTransaction.originalAppVersion
let purchaseDate = appTransaction.originalPurchaseDate
// Migration logic for users who paid before subscription model
case .unverified:
// Potentially tampered -- restrict features as appropriate
break
}
} catch { /* Could not retrieve app transaction */ }
}// App account token for server-side reconciliation
try await product.purchase(options: [.appAccountToken(UUID())])
// Consumable quantity
try await product.purchase(options: [.quantity(5)])
// Simulate Ask to Buy in sandbox
try await product.purchase(options: [.simulatesAskToBuyInSandbox(true)]).onInAppPurchaseStart { product in
await analytics.trackPurchaseStarted(product.id)
}
.onInAppPurchaseCompletion { product, result in
if case .success(.success(.verified(let transaction))) = result {
await deliverContent(for: transaction)
await transaction.finish()
}
}
.inAppPurchaseOptions { product in
[.appAccountToken(userAccountToken)]
}// WRONG: No listener -- misses renewals, refunds, Ask to Buy approvals
@main struct MyApp: App {
var body: some Scene { WindowGroup { ContentView() } }
}
// CORRECT: Start listener in App init (see Transaction.updates section above)// WRONG: Never finished -- reappears in unfinished queue forever
let transaction = try checkVerified(verification)
unlockFeature(transaction.productID)
// CORRECT: Deliver durably, then finish. If delivery fails, do not finish yet.
let transaction = try checkVerified(verification)
try await recordDelivery(transaction)
await transaction.finish()// WRONG: Using unverified transaction -- security risk
let transaction = verification.unsafePayloadValue
// CORRECT: Verify before using
let transaction = try checkVerified(verification)// AVOID: Original In-App Purchase APIs
let request = SKProductsRequest(productIdentifiers: ["com.app.premium"])
SKPaymentQueue.default().add(payment)
// PREFERRED: StoreKit 2
let products = try await Product.products(for: ["com.app.premium"])
let result = try await product.purchase()// WRONG: Grants access to refunded purchases
if case .verified(let transaction) = result {
purchased.insert(transaction.productID)
}
// CORRECT: Skip revoked transactions
if case .verified(let transaction) = result, transaction.revocationDate == nil {
purchased.insert(transaction.productID)
}// WRONG: Wrong for other currencies and regions
Text("Buy Premium for $4.99")
// CORRECT: Localized price from Product
Text("Buy \(product.displayName) for \(product.displayPrice)")// WRONG: Silently drops pending Ask to Buy
default: break
// CORRECT: Explain approval is pending; unlock only after Transaction.updates
case .pending:
showPendingApprovalMessage()// WRONG: Check once, never update
func appDidFinish() { Task { await updateEntitlements() } }
// CORRECT: Re-check on Transaction.updates AND on foreground return
// Transaction.updates listener handles mid-session changes.
// Also use .task { await storeManager.updateEntitlements() } on content views.// WRONG: No restore option -- App Store rejection risk
SubscriptionStoreView(groupID: "group_id")
// CORRECT
SubscriptionStoreView(groupID: "group_id")
.storeButton(.visible, for: .restorePurchases)// WRONG: No terms or privacy policy
SubscriptionStoreView(groupID: "group_id")
// CORRECT
SubscriptionStoreView(groupID: "group_id")
.subscriptionStorePolicyDestination(url: termsURL, for: .termsOfService)
.subscriptionStorePolicyDestination(url: privacyURL, for: .privacyPolicy)Transaction.updates listener starts at app launch in App inittransaction.finish() called only after durable content delivery.pending result shows Ask to Buy/deferred-approval feedbackproduct.displayPrice, never hardcodedSKProduct, SKPaymentQueue) unless legacy OS support requires themjwsRepresentation if applicableSendable when shared across concurrency boundariesapp-store-review.app-store-optimization..tessl-plugin
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