FinanceKit

Access eligible financial data from Apple Wallet, including U.S. Apple Card, Apple Cash, Savings, and U.K. connected-account data. FinanceKit provides on-device access to accounts, balances, and transactions with user-controlled authorization. Targets Swift 6.3 / current Apple platforms; query APIs are available from iOS/iPadOS 17.4, TransactionPicker from iOS/iPadOS 18, and background delivery from iOS/iPadOS 26.

Keep FinanceKit guidance focused on financial-data access, Wallet order storage/querying, TransactionPicker, and background delivery. Route Apple Pay checkout to PassKit, widget UI/timeline work to WidgetKit, and Wallet order-tracking email or Apple Business Connect optimization outside this skill.

Contents

• Setup and Entitlements
• Data Availability
• Authorization
• Querying Accounts
• Account Balances
• Querying Transactions
• Long-Running Queries and History
• Transaction Picker
• Wallet Orders
• Background Delivery
• Common Mistakes
• Review Checklist
• References

Setup and Entitlements

Requirements

1. Managed entitlement -- request com.apple.developer.financekit from Apple via the FinanceKit entitlement request form. This is a managed capability; Apple reviews each application.
2. Organization-level Apple Developer account (individual accounts are not eligible).
3. Account Holder role required to request the entitlement.
4. Eligible App Store app -- the app must be in the Finance category, distributed through the App Store for iPhone in the United States or United Kingdom, and provide financial-management tools such as net-worth, spending, or budgeting features.
5. Per-bundle-ID approval -- Apple assigns the entitlement to the approved bundle ID; do not assume it applies to sibling apps or extensions automatically.
6. If the app offers financial products directly or through a regulated institution, it must allow customers to connect those accounts to Apple Wallet and share the data with FinanceKit.

Project Configuration

1. Add the FinanceKit entitlement through Xcode managed capabilities after Apple approves the request.
2. Add NSFinancialDataUsageDescription to Info.plist -- this string is shown to the user during the authorization prompt.
3. For iOS 26 background delivery, add the FinanceKit entitlement to both the app and extension targets, then use App Groups for shared storage.

<key>NSFinancialDataUsageDescription</key>
<string>This app uses your financial data to track spending and provide budgeting insights.</string>

Data Availability

U.S. FinanceKit financial data requires iOS/iPadOS 17.4+ and currently covers eligible Apple Card, Apple Cash, and Savings data; Apple Card Family participants and Apple Cash Family children are excluded. U.K. support requires iOS/iPadOS 18.4+ and uses open banking for supported institutions. Orders APIs are available separately from financial-data query APIs.

Check whether the device supports FinanceKit before making any API calls. This value is constant across launches and iOS versions.

import FinanceKit

guard FinanceStore.isDataAvailable(.financialData) else {
    // FinanceKit not available -- do not call any other financial data APIs.
    // The framework terminates the app if called when unavailable.
    return
}

For Wallet orders:

guard FinanceStore.isDataAvailable(.orders) else { return }

Data availability returning true does not guarantee data exists on the device. Data access can also become temporarily restricted (e.g., Wallet unavailable, MDM restrictions). Restricted access throws FinanceError.dataRestricted rather than terminating.

Authorization

Request authorization to access user-selected financial accounts. The system presents an account picker where the user chooses which accounts to share and the earliest transaction date to expose.

let store = FinanceStore.shared

let status = try await store.requestAuthorization()
switch status {
case .authorized:    break  // Proceed with queries
case .denied:        break  // User declined
case .notDetermined: break  // No meaningful choice made
@unknown default:    break
}

Checking Current Status

Query current authorization without prompting:

let currentStatus = try await store.authorizationStatus()

Once the user grants or denies access, requestAuthorization() returns the cached decision without showing the prompt again. Users can change access in Settings > Privacy & Security > Financial Data.

Querying Accounts

Accounts are modeled as an enum with two cases: .asset (e.g., Apple Cash, Savings) and .liability (e.g., Apple Card credit). Both share common properties (id, displayName, institutionName, currencyCode) while liability accounts add credit-specific fields.

func fetchAccounts() async throws -> [Account] {
    let query = AccountQuery(
        sortDescriptors: [SortDescriptor(\Account.displayName)],
        predicate: nil,
        limit: nil,
        offset: nil
    )

    return try await store.accounts(query: query)
}

Working with Account Types

switch account {
case .asset(let asset):
    print("Asset account, currency: \(asset.currencyCode)")
case .liability(let liability):
    if let limit = liability.creditInformation.creditLimit {
        print("Credit limit: \(limit.amount) \(limit.currencyCode)")
    }
}

Account Balances

Balances represent the amount in an account at a point in time. A CurrentBalance is one of three cases: .available (includes pending), .booked (posted only), or .availableAndBooked.

func fetchBalances(for accountID: UUID) async throws -> [AccountBalance] {
    let predicate = #Predicate<AccountBalance> { balance in
        balance.accountID == accountID
    }

    let query = AccountBalanceQuery(
        sortDescriptors: [SortDescriptor(\AccountBalance.id)],
        predicate: predicate,
        limit: nil,
        offset: nil
    )

    return try await store.accountBalances(query: query)
}

Reading Balance Amounts

Amounts are always positive decimals. Use creditDebitIndicator to determine the sign:

func formatBalance(_ balance: Balance) -> String {
    let sign = balance.creditDebitIndicator == .debit ? "-" : ""
    return "\(sign)\(balance.amount.amount) \(balance.amount.currencyCode)"
}

// Extract from CurrentBalance enum:
switch balance.currentBalance {
case .available(let bal):       formatBalance(bal)
case .booked(let bal):          formatBalance(bal)
case .availableAndBooked(let available, _): formatBalance(available)
@unknown default: "Unknown"
}

Querying Transactions

Use TransactionQuery with Swift predicates, sort descriptors, limit, and offset.

let predicate = #Predicate<Transaction> { $0.accountID == accountID }

let query = TransactionQuery(
    sortDescriptors: [SortDescriptor(\Transaction.transactionDate, order: .reverse)],
    predicate: predicate,
    limit: 50,
    offset: nil
)

let transactions = try await store.transactions(query: query)

Reading Transaction Data

let amount = transaction.transactionAmount
let direction = transaction.creditDebitIndicator == .debit ? "spent" : "received"
print("\(transaction.transactionDescription): \(direction) \(amount.amount) \(amount.currencyCode)")
// merchantName, merchantCategoryCode, foreignCurrencyAmount are optional

Built-In Predicate Helpers

FinanceKit provides factory methods for common filters:

// Filter by transaction status
let bookedOnly = TransactionQuery.predicate(forStatuses: [.booked])

// Filter by transaction type
let purchases = TransactionQuery.predicate(forTransactionTypes: [.pointOfSale, .directDebit])

// Filter by merchant category
let groceries = TransactionQuery.predicate(forMerchantCategoryCodes: [
    MerchantCategoryCode(rawValue: 5411)  // Grocery stores
])

For a transaction field table and more query patterns, read references/financekit-patterns.md.

Long-Running Queries and History

Use AsyncSequence-based history APIs for catch-up sync, live updates, or resumable sync. These return inserted, updated, and deleted item IDs plus a HistoryToken.

func catchUpTransactions(for accountID: UUID) async throws {
    let history = store.transactionHistory(
        forAccountID: accountID,
        since: loadSavedToken(),
        isMonitoring: false  // finish after saved-token catch-up
    )

    for try await changes in history {
        removeLocalRecords(withIDs: changes.deleted)
        upsert(changes.inserted + changes.updated)
        saveToken(changes.newToken)
    }
}

History Token Persistence

HistoryToken conforms to Codable. Persist it to resume queries without reprocessing data:

func saveToken(_ token: FinanceStore.HistoryToken) {
    if let data = try? JSONEncoder().encode(token) {
        UserDefaults.standard.set(data, forKey: "financeHistoryToken")
    }
}

func loadSavedToken() -> FinanceStore.HistoryToken? {
    guard let data = UserDefaults.standard.data(forKey: "financeHistoryToken") else { return nil }
    return try? JSONDecoder().decode(FinanceStore.HistoryToken.self, from: data)
}

If a saved token points to compacted history, the framework throws FinanceError.historyTokenInvalid. Discard the token, then immediately run a fresh catch-up query for the affected account or balance stream so local state and the replacement token are rebuilt. Use isMonitoring: true only for a separate live monitor.

Account and Balance History

let accountChanges = store.accountHistory(since: nil, isMonitoring: true)
let balanceChanges = store.accountBalanceHistory(forAccountID: accountID, since: nil, isMonitoring: true)

Ongoing budgeting sync should cover the data model the user authorized: account objects for account additions/removals, account balances for trend and widget state, and transactions for spending detail. Use separate history tokens per stream or account so a compacted token only forces resync of the affected stream.

Transaction Picker

For apps that need selective, ephemeral access without full authorization, use TransactionPicker from FinanceKitUI. Access is not persisted -- transactions are passed directly for immediate use.

import FinanceKitUI

struct ExpenseImportView: View {
    @State private var selectedTransactions: [Transaction] = []

    var body: some View {
        if FinanceStore.isDataAvailable(.financialData) {
            TransactionPicker(selection: $selectedTransactions) {
                Label("Import Transactions", systemImage: "creditcard")
            }
        }
    }
}

Wallet Orders

FinanceKit supports saving and querying Wallet orders (e.g., purchase receipts, shipping tracking).

Saving an Order

let result = try await store.saveOrder(signedArchive: archiveData)
switch result {
case .added:        break  // Saved
case .cancelled:    break  // User cancelled
case .newerExisting: break // Newer version already in Wallet
@unknown default:   break
}

Checking for an Existing Order

let orderID = FullyQualifiedOrderIdentifier(
    orderTypeIdentifier: "com.merchant.order",
    orderIdentifier: "ORDER-123"
)
let result = try await store.containsOrder(matching: orderID, updatedDate: lastKnownDate)
// result: .exists, .newerExists, .olderExists, or .notFound

Add Order to Wallet Button (FinanceKitUI)

import FinanceKitUI

AddOrderToWalletButton(signedArchive: orderData) { result in
    // result: .success(SaveOrderResult) or .failure(Error)
}

Background Delivery

iOS 26+ supports background delivery extensions that notify your app of financial data changes outside its lifecycle. User authorization made in the main app is inherited by the extension. Both targets need the FinanceKit entitlement; use App Groups to share data between the app, extension, and related widgets.

Enabling Background Delivery

These registration methods are synchronous and nonthrowing; do not write try or await.

store.enableBackgroundDelivery(
    for: [.accounts, .accountBalances, .transactions],
    frequency: .daily
)

Available frequencies: .hourly, .daily, .weekly. These are expected minimum intervals between extension launches when data changes; longer frequencies give the extension a larger processing window.

Disable selectively or entirely:

store.disableBackgroundDelivery(for: [.transactions])
store.disableAllBackgroundDelivery()

Background Delivery Extension

Create a background delivery extension target in Xcode (Background Delivery Extension template). Implement the two async entry points directly on the extension type and return from didReceiveData(for:) only after essential work is saved.

import FinanceKit

@main
struct MyFinanceExtension: BackgroundDeliveryExtension {
    func didReceiveData(for types: [FinanceStore.BackgroundDataType]) async {
        if types.contains(.transactions) {
            await processNewTransactions()
        }
        if types.contains(.accountBalances) {
            await updateBalanceCache()
        }
        if types.contains(.accounts) {
            await refreshAccountList()
        }
    }

    func willTerminate() async { await savePartialWork() }
}

Common Mistakes

1. Calling APIs when data is unavailable

DON'T -- skip availability check:

let store = FinanceStore.shared
let status = try await store.requestAuthorization() // Terminates if unavailable

DO -- guard availability first:

guard FinanceStore.isDataAvailable(.financialData) else {
    showUnavailableMessage()
    return
}
let status = try await FinanceStore.shared.requestAuthorization()

2. Ignoring the credit/debit indicator

DON'T -- treat amounts as signed values:

let spent = transaction.transactionAmount.amount // Always positive

DO -- apply the indicator:

let amount = transaction.transactionAmount.amount
let signed = transaction.creditDebitIndicator == .debit ? -amount : amount

3. Not handling data restriction errors

DON'T -- assume authorized access persists:

let transactions = try await store.transactions(query: query) // Fails if Wallet restricted

DO -- catch FinanceError:

do {
    let transactions = try await store.transactions(query: query)
} catch let error as FinanceError {
    if case .dataRestricted = error { showDataRestrictedMessage() }
}

4. Requesting full snapshots instead of resumable queries

DON'T -- fetch everything on every launch:

let allTransactions = try await store.transactions(query: TransactionQuery(
    sortDescriptors: [SortDescriptor(\Transaction.transactionDate)],
    predicate: nil, limit: nil, offset: nil
))

DO -- use history tokens for incremental sync:

let history = store.transactionHistory(
    forAccountID: accountID,
    since: loadSavedToken(),
    isMonitoring: false
)
for try await changes in history {
    removeLocalRecords(withIDs: changes.deleted)
    upsert(changes.inserted + changes.updated)
    saveToken(changes.newToken)
}

5. Not persisting history tokens

DON'T -- discard the token:

for try await changes in history {
    processChanges(changes)
    // Token lost -- next launch reprocesses everything
}

DO -- save every token:

for try await changes in history {
    removeLocalRecords(withIDs: changes.deleted)
    upsert(changes.inserted + changes.updated)
    saveToken(changes.newToken)
}

6. Misinterpreting credit/debit on liability accounts

Both asset and liability accounts use .debit for outgoing money. But .credit means different things: on an asset account it means money received; on a liability account it means a payment or refund that increases available credit. See references/financekit-patterns.md for a full interpretation table.

Review Checklist

• FinanceStore.isDataAvailable(.financialData) checked before any API call
• App eligibility checked: Finance category, App Store iPhone distribution in the U.S. or U.K., financial-management feature set, organization account, Account Holder request
• com.apple.developer.financekit entitlement requested and approved for the app bundle ID
• NSFinancialDataUsageDescription set in Info.plist with a clear, specific message
• Authorization status handled for all cases (.authorized, .denied, .notDetermined)
• FinanceError.dataRestricted caught and handled gracefully
• CreditDebitIndicator applied correctly to amounts (not treated as signed)
• History tokens persisted for resumable queries
• FinanceError.historyTokenInvalid handled by discarding token and immediately resyncing the affected stream
• Ongoing sync plan covers authorized accounts, balances, and transactions, not transactions alone
• Long-running queries use isMonitoring: false when live updates are not needed
• Transaction picker used when full authorization is unnecessary
• Only data the app genuinely needs is queried
• Deleted IDs from history changes are explicitly removed from local account, balance, or transaction storage
• Background delivery calls use the synchronous iOS 26 APIs and the extension is in the same App Group as the main app
• Background delivery registers every needed data type: .accounts, .accountBalances, and/or .transactions
• FinanceKit entitlement added to both app and background delivery extension targets
• Financial data deleted when user revokes access

References

• Extended patterns (predicates, sorting, pagination, currency formatting, background updates): references/financekit-patterns.md
• Get started with FinanceKit
• FinanceKit framework
• FinanceKitUI framework
• FinanceStore
• Transaction
• Account
• AccountBalance
• FinanceKit entitlement
• Implementing a background delivery extension
• Meet FinanceKit (WWDC24)
• What's new in Apple Pay (WWDC25)